@zoumouse 就以我给 Botan 提 issue 时的测试代码为例
https://github.com/randombit/botan/issues/3085

即使加了 -static ，还是一样报错。

@changnet 十分奇怪的是，我自己编译 Botan 源码自己链接，还是不行（ Debian 11 和 Debian 最新测试版），但 alpine 用户可以。我按照 alpine 用户给出的经验操作去试，报错信息依然爆了一堆。

而同样都是 .a 静态编译，clang 工具链一下子就完成了，非常顺畅； VS 解决起来相对也是好一点，vcpkg 同样可以指定编译成动态库还是静态库，我是两种库都备好，这样就可以根据自己的设置选择正确的版本，选对了基本都能编译成功。

目前 clang 唯一不足的是对于 C++新标准的完善度相对较落后，其他方面我觉得比 GNU 好得多

/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o): in function `Botan::secure_allocator<unsigned char>::allocate(unsigned long)':
share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN5Botan16secure_allocatorIhE8allocateEm[_ZN5Botan16secure_allocatorIhE8allocateEm]+0x1d): undefined reference to `Botan::allocate_memory(unsigned long, unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o): in function `Botan::secure_allocator<unsigned long>::deallocate(unsigned long*, unsigned long)':
share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN5Botan16secure_allocatorImE10deallocateEPmm[_ZN5Botan16secure_allocatorImE10deallocateEPmm]+0x28): undefined reference to `Botan::deallocate_memory(void*, unsigned long, unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E]+0x28): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::add_data(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E]+0x30): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::final_result(unsigned char*)'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E]+0x38): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::clone() const'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E]+0x40): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::provider[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E]+0x48): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::clear()'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E]+0x50): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::name[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_384E]+0x60): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::copy_state() const'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E]+0x28): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::add_data(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E]+0x30): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::final_result(unsigned char*)'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E]+0x38): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::clone() const'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E]+0x40): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::provider[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E]+0x48): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::clear()'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E]+0x50): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::name[abi:cxx11]() const'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E[_ZTVN5Botan9SHA_3_256E]+0x60): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::copy_state() const'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTIN5Botan9SHA_3_384E[_ZTIN5Botan9SHA_3_384E]+0x10): undefined reference to `typeinfo for Botan::SHA_3'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o):(.data.rel.ro._ZTIN5Botan9SHA_3_256E[_ZTIN5Botan9SHA_3_256E]+0x10): undefined reference to `typeinfo for Botan::SHA_3'
/usr/bin/ld: warning: creating DT_TEXTREL in a PIE
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/udphop.dir/build.make:100: udphop] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/USERNAME/udphop/build'
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:134: CMakeFiles/udphop.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/USERNAME/udphop/build'
make: *** [Makefile:91: all] Error 2

[100%] Linking CXX executable udphop
/usr/bin/cmake -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/udphop.dir/link.txt --verbose=1
/usr/bin/c++ CMakeFiles/udphop.dir/src/main.cpp.o -o udphop -lstdc++ -lbotan-2 src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a src/networks/libNETCONNECTIONS.a src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o): warning: relocation against `_ZTVN5Botan5SHA_3E' in read-only section `.text._ZN5Botan5SHA_3D2Ev[_ZN5Botan5SHA_3D5Ev]'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o): in function `Botan::SHA_3::~SHA_3()':
share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN5Botan5SHA_3D2Ev[_ZN5Botan5SHA_3D5Ev]+0xf): undefined reference to `vtable for Botan::SHA_3'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o): in function `Botan::SHA_3_256::SHA_3_256()':
share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN5Botan9SHA_3_256C2Ev[_ZN5Botan9SHA_3_256C5Ev]+0x19): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::SHA_3(unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o): in function `Botan::SHA_3_384::SHA_3_384()':
share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN5Botan9SHA_3_384C2Ev[_ZN5Botan9SHA_3_384C5Ev]+0x19): undefined reference to `Botan::SHA_3::SHA_3(unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o): in function `aes_256_gcm::set_key(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN11aes_256_gcm7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN11aes_256_gcm7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x1f0): undefined reference to `Botan::AEAD_Mode::create(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, Botan::Cipher_Dir, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN11aes_256_gcm7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN11aes_256_gcm7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x2c6): undefined reference to `Botan::AEAD_Mode::create(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, Botan::Cipher_Dir, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN11aes_256_gcm7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN11aes_256_gcm7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x372): undefined reference to `Botan::SymmetricAlgorithm::set_key(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN11aes_256_gcm7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN11aes_256_gcm7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x410): undefined reference to `Botan::SymmetricAlgorithm::set_key(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o): in function `aes_256_ocb::set_key(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN11aes_256_ocb7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN11aes_256_ocb7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x342): undefined reference to `Botan::AEAD_Mode::create(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, Botan::Cipher_Dir, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN11aes_256_ocb7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN11aes_256_ocb7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x418): undefined reference to `Botan::AEAD_Mode::create(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, Botan::Cipher_Dir, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN11aes_256_ocb7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN11aes_256_ocb7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x4c4): undefined reference to `Botan::SymmetricAlgorithm::set_key(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN11aes_256_ocb7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN11aes_256_ocb7set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x562): undefined reference to `Botan::SymmetricAlgorithm::set_key(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o): in function `chacha20::set_key(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN8chacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN8chacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x2f6): undefined reference to `Botan::AEAD_Mode::create(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, Botan::Cipher_Dir, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN8chacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN8chacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x3cc): undefined reference to `Botan::AEAD_Mode::create(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, Botan::Cipher_Dir, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN8chacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN8chacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x478): undefined reference to `Botan::SymmetricAlgorithm::set_key(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN8chacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN8chacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x516): undefined reference to `Botan::SymmetricAlgorithm::set_key(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o): in function `xchacha20::set_key(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)':
share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN9xchacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN9xchacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x23c): undefined reference to `Botan::AEAD_Mode::create(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, Botan::Cipher_Dir, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN9xchacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN9xchacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x312): undefined reference to `Botan::AEAD_Mode::create(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, Botan::Cipher_Dir, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN9xchacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN9xchacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x3be): undefined reference to `Botan::SymmetricAlgorithm::set_key(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN9xchacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZN9xchacha207set_keyERKNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x45c): undefined reference to `Botan::SymmetricAlgorithm::set_key(unsigned char const*, unsigned long)'
/usr/bin/ld: src/shares/libSHAREDEFINES.a(share_defines.cpp.o): in function `Botan::secure_allocator<unsigned char>::deallocate(unsigned char*, unsigned long)':
share_defines.cpp:(.text._ZN5Botan16secure_allocatorIhE10deallocateEPhm[_ZN5Botan16secure_allocatorIhE10deallocateEPhm]+0x28): undefined reference to `Botan::deallocate_memory(void*, unsigned long, unsigned long)'

@lixile 由于 Log 太长，这里删掉了
/usr/include/botan-2/botan/sha3.h:15:13: warning: this header will be made internal in the future
15 | BOTAN_FUTURE_INTERNAL_HEADER(sha3.h)
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
这样的警告，其他的都保留

$ make VERBOSE=1
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@zoumouse 作者是回避 libbotan.a 的链接问题，给出的命令可以运行成功，编译出来的程序是使用动态库的版本，等于没回答

@lixile 用当前工具链，自己编译出来的 libbotan.a 照样无法用于后续的静态链接，而且无论是 Linux 还是 NetBSD 都一样

@hsly109 针对最新 Debian 11 弄了个 2.17 的版本，应该够用的了。

原本我是打算全部以 static linking 的方式发布二进制的，奈何 Linux 版本的 Botan 只有动态库方式能用，静态库几乎反倒没法用。其他平台却可以正常用静态库。

我刚刚去看了下作者本人对开发环境的描述 ( https://botan.randombit.net/handbook/support.html )，Linux 是主力，然后是 Windows ，剩下的都靠 Github 自动化工具。既然 Linux 是作者的主力平台，使用起来却最“拉跨”，实在费解。

对于未定义行为就没必要去纠结了，这种情况下编译器想怎么干都行，甚至直接让整个程序崩溃都不奇怪

可以查阅 C++标准，1 楼给出的那段文字，位于 ISO IEC 14882 2020-12 的 PDF 的第 126 页。

国内有转载：
https://bbs.pediy.com/thread-267401-1.htm

@lly8666 保险起见，我还是再另外弄了个专门用于 botan 2.9 的版本，以防万一

@huangjinjiang20 是的

用 VPN 连回去就可以了，如果因为需要安装客户端而不想用 Open VPN ，那就用 Windows 自带的那些，比如 PPTP 、L2TP ，都是 Windows 内置的

而且搭建 PPTP 和 L2TP 服务器端也不难，配置比 Open VPN 更加简便

@hsly109 好的，已经加了

@emma3 我个人觉得吧，国内的 QUIC 网站多起来再做会更好些，先看看各大网站能否倒逼运营商善待 UDP 流量

@aru 不提供 socks5 功能，也不打算支持。
实际上算下来相当于 NAT 打洞 + 自动转发 + 自动换端口。
毕竟我个人用的场景仅仅是为了辅助 NAT 打洞时的 VPN 回家。

@emma3 在 7 楼那里我就提到过是受到 v2ray 的启发，因为我就用这个功能用了很长时间。
好处是爬梯时减少端口被封的概率，也能减轻 UDP 限速的影响。
只不过 v2ray 的方案不太完美，必须指定固定的主端口，一旦主端口被 ban 那就无法通讯。主端口受到严重限速时也会影响更换端口时的稳定性。

影响最大的还是 NAT 打洞，墙内想要打洞互联的话，靠 v2ray 做底层传输就不适合了。

@lly8666 支持，每次更换端口时会自动扫一次。

如果数据一直传输不间断的话，它可以自动跟踪新的 IP ，所以理论上不用动态域名只填 IP 地址也能跟踪新 IP 的变化。
之所以这样做，主要是用于 STUN 给 NAT 打洞的场景，毕竟 NAT 打洞获得的新端口并不固定，这就必须自动跟踪了。

@XiaoxiaoPu
@swxk521
其实我是受到 v2ray 的启发，v2ray 很早就支持了 UDP 动态端口的功能，比起 hysteria 和 kcptun 还要早得多。
它们甚至有并行 session 的设置，多条 UDP session 一起来。
只不过它们并非单纯的简单转发，而是另有传输协议（ v2ray 用的是 vmess + mkcp ，kcptun 顾名思义就是 kcp ，hysteria 用魔改版 QUIC ），效果自然不一样，它们都可以顺便对抗拥塞丢包。

当然了，多一个选择总没坏处，我就是打算单纯转发数据，因为部分场景不太需要对抗拥塞丢包（比如墙内跨运营商 VPN 回家）。
我个人的使用情况是，联通↔电信这样用的效果不错，这两家运营商互联基本上极少拥塞导致的丢包，倒是特别需要对付 UDP 限速。

一条 UDP Session 拆成多个，这也是个好办法，只要每一条 Session 的数据量不是太大的话，应该也不会被限速策略盯上

@unnamedhao 可以问问你楼下的这位资深 UDP 限速破解专家，他就是 udp2raw 的作者

@wangyucn 果然是资深 UDP 限速破解专家，平时几乎不出现，只要有人发帖的内容跟运营商的 UDP 限速相关就基本会出现😆