/ˈstɑːr.tl̩/
使吃惊;使惊吓。指因突然的声音、动作或事件而感到意外或受到惊吓。可作动词或名词使用。
The loud thunder startled everyone in the room.
响亮的雷声把房间里的每个人都吓了一跳。
She was startled to discover that the letter had been written by her own grandfather decades ago.
她惊讶地发现,那封信竟然是她祖父几十年前写的。
startle 源自古英语 steartlian,意为"踢腿、挣扎",与 start(突然动作)同源。最初指身体因受惊而突然跳动或抽搐,后来词义逐渐演变为"使人吃惊、受到惊吓"。这个词保留了"突然性"的核心含义,强调惊吓来得猝不及防。