“proven by”意为“由……证明/被……证实”,常用于学术、法律、新闻等语境中,引出用来证明某个观点的证据、事实、实验结果、数据或人。也常见同义变体 proved by(更偏英式或叙述体)。
/ˈpruːvən baɪ/
The theory was proven by experiments.
这个理论被实验证明了。
His innocence was proven by new DNA evidence, which changed the course of the trial.
新的 DNA 证据证明了他是无辜的,从而改变了审判的走向。
proven 是动词 prove(证明、证实)的过去分词/形容词用法;prove 来自古法语 prover,追溯到拉丁语 probare(测试、检验、证明其为真)。短语 proven by 属于常见的被动结构:be proven by + 证据/主体。