proved by:常用于被动或分词结构,表示“由……证明/被……所证实”,用来引出证据、数据、事实或某个来源来支持前面的判断或结论。也可理解为“凭借……得到证明”。
/pruːvd baɪ/
The theory was proved by experiments.
这个理论被实验所证明。
His innocence was proved by new evidence that surfaced years later, which changed how the case was understood.
他是清白的这一点,被多年后浮现的新证据所证实,从而改变了人们对案件的理解。
prove 来自拉丁语 probare,本义与“测试、检验、证明(某事可靠)”有关;proved 是 prove 的过去式/过去分词。搭配 by(“通过/凭借/由”)时,proved by 强调“证明所依据的手段或来源”,如 proved by data(由数据证明)、proved by witnesses(由证人证明)。