been 是动词 be 的过去分词,最常见于完成时结构中,表示“曾经处于某种状态/去过某处/已经发生”。(也可用于被动语态等结构中。)
/bɪn/(常见); /biːn/(部分语速较慢或强调时)
I’ve been busy lately.
我最近一直很忙。
She has been to London twice, which has greatly influenced her writing.
她去过伦敦两次,这对她的写作产生了很大影响。
been 来自古英语 bēon(“存在、成为”)的相关形式,属于英语中最基础、最不规则的一组动词变化之一:be / am / is / are / was / were / been。由于 be 是高频核心动词,它的形态变化保留了较多历史痕迹。