{ "version": "https://jsonfeed.org/version/1", "title": "FreeBSD", "description": "FreeBSD\u00ae is an advanced operating system for modern server, desktop, and embedded computer platforms.", "home_page_url": "https://www.v2ex.com/go/freebsd", "feed_url": "https://www.v2ex.com/feed/freebsd.json", "icon": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/navatar/b5b4/1fac/502_large.png?m=1337655638", "favicon": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/navatar/b5b4/1fac/502_normal.png?m=1337655638", "items": [ { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/drymonfidelia", "name": "drymonfidelia", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/017bcef6e642dbf067e17838a9cd447a?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/1054102", "title": "FreeBSD \u600e\u4e48\u5347\u7ea7 OpenSSH \u4fee\u590d\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff1f\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6709\u53f0 FreeBSD 14.0 \u751f\u4ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u8dd1\u4e86\u5b9e\u540d\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e4b\u7c7b\u975e\u5173\u952e\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u5458\u5de5\u79bb\u804c\u534a\u5e74\u591a\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u6ca1\u4eba\u719f\u6089\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6211\u5f04\u4e86\u4e00\u665a\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6210\u529f\u5347\u7ea7 OpenSSH", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/1054102", "date_published": "2024-07-01T20:19:34+00:00", "content_html": "

\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u6562\u91cd\u542f\u5b83\uff0c\u6015\u91cd\u542f\u4e86\u6211\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u670d\u52a1\u600e\u4e48\u5f00\u8d77\u6765\uff0csystemctl \u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5168\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e5f\u90fd\u4e0d\u5728\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u5728\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u53ea\u627e\u5230\u4e86 freebsd-update fetch \u548c freebsd-update install \u4e24\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u4e86 OpenSSH \u8fd8\u662f\u53bb\u5e74\u7684\u7248\u672c

\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/youngYoo", "name": "youngYoo", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/c0bb/b7fc/321574_large.png?m=1679214485" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/925305", "title": "\u840c\u65b0\u8bf7\u6559\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Manjaro \u4e0a\u9762\u7f16\u8bd1 FreeBSD \u5462", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/925305", "date_published": "2023-03-19T08:28:12+00:00", "content_html": "" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/hronro", "name": "hronro", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/f54b/bcd3/81560_large.png?m=1684300256" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/889178", "title": "TrueNAS Core(FreeBSD) \u4e2d\u7684 Jails \u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c Docker \u4e2d --network host \u7684\u6548\u679c\uff1f", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/889178", "date_published": "2022-10-23T12:42:59+00:00", "content_html": "

\u6211\u6700\u8fd1\u7ec4\u4e86\u4e2a NAS \uff0c\u88c5\u7684 OS \u662f TrueNAS Core \u3002\u6211\u60f3\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u88c5\u4e2a tailscale \u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u5916\u9762\u4e5f\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee NAS \u3002\u6211\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u4e0b\uff0c\u8c8c\u4f3c\u6bd4\u8f83\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5728 Jails \u91cc\u9762\u53bb\u88c5\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053 Jails \u91cc\u9762\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c Docker \u7684 --network host \u7684\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba9 Jails \u7528\u5bbf\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u3002

\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/nebkad", "name": "nebkad", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/b45f28cd64e5614b7c732243ad2b8d38?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/851033", "date_modified": "2022-05-05T12:39:54+00:00", "content_html": "

At DigitalOcean, our mission is to empower our customers by providing them with simple, reliable cloud infrastructure and we couldn\u2019t be prouder to support customers and businesses like you developing world-class applications. We\u2019re reaching out to let you know that we are phasing out our FreeBSD Droplet.

\n

Starting July 1, 2022, FreeBSD Droplets will no longer be available. In order to simplify our cloud offerings and refocus our efforts on developing and maintaining distributions that our customers use most, we\u2019re ending support for new FreeBSD Droplets.

\n

Beginning June 1, 2022, you will no longer be able to create FreeBSD-based Droplets through the cloud control panel. You will still be able to create FreeBSD-based Droplets through the API until July 1, 2022, but after July 1, 2022, only legacy FreeBSD Droplets will remain on the platform.

\n

Rest assured: Existing FreeBSD Droplets and FreeBSD Droplets created from May 1, 2022\u2013July 1, 2022 will continue to work as usual despite these changes to our offerings.

\n

You\u2019ll also still be able to create Droplets using FreeBSD after July 1 by using DigitalOcean\u2019s custom images feature to import a virtual disk image of FreeBSD OS. Custom images are free to upload and charged at $0.05 per GB per month to store.

\n", "date_published": "2022-05-05T12:39:35+00:00", "title": "Digital Ocean: Phasing out creation of FreeBSD Droplets", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/851033" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/833411", "title": "2022 \u5e74 FreeBSD \u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u9879\u76ee", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/833411", "date_published": "2022-02-12T07:59:02+00:00", "content_html": "

2022 \u5e74 FreeBSD \u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u9879\u76ee

\n

\u9879\u76ee\u5730\u5740\uff1a https://github.com/FreeBSD-Ask/Handbook

\n

\u9884\u89c8\u5730\u5740\uff1a https://handbook.freebsdcn.org/

\n

\u7ffb\u8bd1\u987b\u77e5\uff1a https://docs.qq.com/doc/DSUtxYmVwU29EdGVn

\n

\u6b22\u8fce\u53c2\u4e0e\uff01

\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/828797", "title": "\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7 FreeBSD \u4e2d\u6587", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/828797", "date_published": "2022-01-17T08:23:08+00:00", "content_html": "ID freebsdzh
\u540d\u79f0 FreeBSD \u4e2d\u6587

\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5173\u6ce8\uff01" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/817425", "date_modified": "2021-11-23T07:54:08+00:00", "content_html": "\u5e0c\u671b\u5927\u5bb6\u591a\u652f\u6301\u6211\u4eec\u7fa4\u91cc\u7684\u6559\u7a0b
https://book.freebsdcn.org
\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u8005\u5018\u82e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d21\u732e\u4e00\u4e8c\u5c31\u66f4\u597d\u4e86\u3002
\u6258\u7ba1 github \u5730\u5740
https://github.com/FreeBSD-Ask/FreeBSD-Ask", "date_published": "2021-11-23T07:53:42+00:00", "title": "\u5728\u7ebf\u6559\u7a0b\uff1a FreeBSD \u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u8dd1\u8def", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/817425" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/gridsah", "name": "gridsah", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/3d139f86f81f6931ce76f9953045e39d?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/794084", "date_modified": "2021-08-06T06:36:37+00:00", "content_html": "

\u8bb0\u5f97 16 \u5e74\u597d\u50cf\u770b\u5230\u8bf4 nginx \u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\u5019\u66f2\u89e3\u4e86 freebsd \u7684\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u5bfc\u81f4\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\uff1f

\n

\u73b0\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a bug \u4fee\u4e86\u6ca1\uff1f\u6211 google \u4e86\u4e00\u5708\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u679c....

\n", "date_published": "2021-08-06T06:29:38+00:00", "title": "Nginx \u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0b\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 reuseport \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u7684 bug \u4fee\u4e86\u6ca1 ? \u6c42\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u53bb\u54ea\u627e\u3002", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/794084" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/775843", "title": "FreeBSD \u591a\u786c\u76d8 EFI \u5f15\u5bfc\u7edf\u4e00", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/775843", "date_published": "2021-05-09T11:08:39+00:00", "content_html": "

\u4f55\u8c13\u591a\u786c\u76d8 EFI \u7edf\u4e00\uff1f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u6709\u4e24\u5757\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u4e24\u5757\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u5206\u522b\u90fd\u6709 EFI \u5206\u533a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u91cc\u662f FreeBSD\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f Windows \u3002\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u60f3\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u5373\u60f3\u628a EFI \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u5757\u786c\u76d8\u7684 EFI \u5206\u533a\u91cc\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u3002

\n

\u8bbe\u88c5\u6709 Windows \u7684\u786c\u76d8\u4e3a ada0\uff0cFreeBSD \u7684\u786c\u76d8\u4e3a nvd0.\u9996\u5148\u5173\u95ed Windows \u7684\u5feb\u901f\u542f\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a powercfg /h off\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5173\u673a\u91cd\u542f\u8fdb\u5165 FreeBSD\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9 mkdir /mnt/efi \u3002\u68c0\u6d4b ada0p1 \uff08\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\uff09\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6302\u8f7d\u7684 EFI \u5206\u533a\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4 fstyp /dev/ada0p1\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u662f NTFS\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u7684 EFI \u5206\u533a\uff1b fstyp /dev/ada0p2\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa msdosfs\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7684 Windows \u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684 EFI \u5206\u533a\u3002

\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6302\u8f7d ada0 \u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684 EFI \u5206\u533a\u5230 FreeBSD \u7684 /mnt/efi: mount -t msdosfs /dev/ada0p2 /mnt/efi

\n

\u4e3a FreeBSD \u5f15\u5bfc\u6027\u521b\u5efa EFI \u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u76ee\u5f55: mkdir /mnt/efi/EFI/freebsd

\n

\u7136\u540e\u590d\u5236\u542f\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u8be5\u8def\u5f84 cp /boot/boot1.efi /mnt/efi/EFI/freebsd/bootx64.efi

\n

\u6700\u540e\u751f\u6210\u542f\u52a8\u9879\uff1aefibootmgr -c -l /mnt/efi/EFI/freebsd/bootx64.efi -L \"FreeBSD niu pi\"

\n

\u91cd\u542f\u8fdb\u5165 Windows\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 easyuefi \u6fc0\u6d3b FreeBSD niu pi \u8fd9\u4e2a\u542f\u52a8\u9879\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u5982\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 DiskGenius \u5220\u9664 nvd0 \u78c1\u76d8\u7684 EFI \u5206\u533a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002

\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/slack", "name": "slack", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/83d2/8800/205310_large.png?m=1737480625" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/770550", "title": "FreeBSD 13 \u6b63\u5f0f\u7248\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/770550", "date_published": "2021-04-14T04:01:06+00:00", "content_html": "The FreeBSD Release Engineering Team is pleased to announce the availability of FreeBSD 13.0-RELEASE. This is the first release of the stable/13 branch.

Some of the highlights:

The clang, lld, and lldb utilities and compiler-rt, llvm, libunwind, and libc++ libraries have been updated to version 11.0.1.

Removed the obsolete version of the GNU debugger that was installed to /usr/libexec for use by crashinfo(8). Detailed kernel crash information can be obtained by installing modern GDB from ports or packages.

Removed the obsolete binutils 2.17 and gcc(1) 4.2.1 from the tree. All supported architectures now use the LLVM/clang toolchain.

The BSD version of grep(1) is now installed by default. The obsolete GNU version that was the previous default has been removed.

Removed CU-SeeMe support from libalias(3).

The qat(4) driver has been added, supporting some of the cryptographic acceleration functions of the Intel QuickAssist (QAT) device. The qat(4) driver supports the QAT devices integrated with Atom C2000 and C3000 and Xeon C620 and D-1500 platforms, and the Intel QAT Adapter 8950.

Several deprecated drivers have been removed.

Several drivers have been ported to the PowerPC64 architecture.

The kernel now supports in-kernel framing and encryption of Transport Layer Security (TLS) data on TCP sockets for TLS versions 1.0 through 1.3. Transmit offload via in-kernel crypto drivers is supported for MtE cipher suites using AES-CBC as well as AEAD cipher suites using AES-GCM. Receive offload via in-kernel crypto drivers is supported for AES-GCM cipher suites for TLS 1.2. Using KTLS requires the use of a KTLS-aware userland SSL library. The OpenSSL library included in the base system does not enable KTLS support by default, but support can be enabled by building with the WITH_OPENSSL_KTLS option

The 64-bit ARM architecture known as arm64 or AArch64 is promoted to Tier-1 status for FreeBSD 13." }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/769703", "title": "arm64 \u6210\u4e3a FreeBSD \u7684\u4e00\u7ea7\u652f\u6301\u67b6\u6784", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/769703", "date_published": "2021-04-10T06:43:18+00:00", "content_html": "FreeBSD \u9879\u76ee\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u4ece FreeBSD 13 \u8d77 arm64 \u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ea7\u652f\u6301\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728 FreeBSD 13 \u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u671f\u5185\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u5c06\u4e3a arm64 \u67b6\u6784\u63d0\u4f9b\u53d1\u5e03\u955c\u50cf\u3001\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5305\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u52d8\u8bef\u66f4\u65b0\u3002FreeBSD \u9879\u76ee\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u5728 2014 \u5e74\u542f\u52a8\u5bf9 FreeBSD/arm64 \u7684\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c2016 \u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u7684 FreeBSD 11 \u4e2d\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f15\u5165\u5bf9 arm64 \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/zhoudaiyu", "name": "zhoudaiyu", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/b75f/9ee0/163414_large.png?m=1682659533" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/768092", "title": "FreeBSD \u73b0\u5728\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\uff1f", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/768092", "date_published": "2021-04-05T05:43:49+00:00", "content_html": "

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e5\u5e38\u6298\u817e /\u5f00\u53d1 Python \u7b49\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u5982\u5e38\u89c4\u7684 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\uff1f

\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/761930", "title": "FreeBSD \u4e0e\u732b \u2014\u2014\u9009\u62e9 1%\u7684\u751f\u6d3b", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/761930", "date_published": "2021-03-15T23:22:47+00:00", "content_html": "\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u89c9\u5f97 FreeBSD \u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u684c\u9762\u6765\u8bf4\u53c8\u6781\u5176\u7cdf\u7cd5\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0d\u80fd\u5426\u8ba4\uff0cFreeBSD \u786e\u5b9e\u5982\u6b64\u3002FreeBSD \u7684\u5c0f\u6076\u9b54\u662f\u5176\u6807\u5fd7\u7269\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ca\u5176 fork \u3002

\u8bf4\u5b9e\u8bdd\u6309\u7167\u6211\u7684\u5ba1\u7f8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u76f4\u4e11\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u5883\u754c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u56fe\u6807\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u800c\u7528\u66f4\u52a0\u7f8e\u89c2\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u56fe\u3002

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\u89c1 https://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-announce/2021-January/002006.html", "date_published": "2021-02-01T07:11:36+00:00", "title": "FreeBSD \u5c06\u964d\u4f4e\u5bf9\u00a0i386 \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u652f\u6301\u529b\u5ea6", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/750310" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/750235", "date_modified": "2021-02-01T04:13:41+00:00", "content_html": "\u76ee\u524d\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u963f\u91cc\u4e91 12.1 \u5347\u7ea7 12.2 \u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\u3002
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\u955c\u50cf\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5730\u5740: https://cloud.189.cn/t/uaeu6nZre6Zf

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\u4fee\u6539 pkg,ports,portsnap,update \u5230 freebsd.cn

\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff1a

\u7531\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u9700\u8981\u4ece /usr/src \u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0

\u7531\u4e8e Linux \u7684 UFS \u9a71\u52a8\u6709\u95ee\u9898,\u955c\u50cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 UFS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf,\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u635f\u574f,\u53ea\u80fd\u7528 ZFS,\u6570\u636e\u76d8\u65e0\u6240\u8c13

\u5982\u679c\u62c5\u5fc3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece /usr/src \u7f16\u8bd1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5185\u6838

\u5bfc\u5165\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1a
\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u89e3\u538b
\u5728\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5730\u57df\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a OSS \u5e76\u4e14\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u516c\u5f00\u8bbf\u95ee
\u4e0a\u4f20 vhd \u6587\u4ef6\u5230 oss \u4e2d
\u8fdb\u5165\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u7684 \u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668 ECS->\u955c\u50cf->\u5bfc\u5165\u955c\u50cf \u9700\u8981\u586b\u5199 OSS \u7684\u516c\u5f00\u8bbf\u95ee\u5730\u5740
\u7b49\u5f85\u955c\u50cf\u5bfc\u5165\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u521b\u5efa ECS \u5373\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528", "date_published": "2021-02-01T04:12:44+00:00", "title": "FreeBSD 12.2 \u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u955c\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf4\u660e", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/750235" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/746588", "date_modified": "2021-01-20T02:55:04+00:00", "content_html": "

\u25cf \u7ee7\u7eed\u52aa\u529b\u4ece FreeBSD \u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664 GPL \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0 FreeBSD \u9879\u76ee\u57fa\u672c\u76ee\u6807\u3002

\n

\u25cf Linux \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u517c\u5bb9\u5c42\u7684 Linuxulator \u9664\u4e86\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7684 CLI \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u652f\u6301\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u52aa\u529b\u8ba9\u66f4\u591a\u7684 GUI \u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002

\n

\u25cf \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u66f4\u65b0\u5230 LLVM Clang 11 \u3002

\n

\u25cf \u52aa\u529b\u4f18\u5316 FreeBSD \u5bf9\u82f1\u7279\u5c14 WiFi \u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u652f\u6301 AX 210 \u3002

\n

\u25cf \u7ee7\u7eed\u56f4\u7ed5\u5373\u5c06\u5728\u672a\u6765\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u5185\u53d1\u5e03\u7684 FreeBSD 13.0 \u8fdb\u884c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece Subversion \u8f6c\u5230 Git \u8fdb\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\u540e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u3002

\n

\u25cf FreeBSD \u7684 USB4 \u652f\u6301\u5de5\u4f5c\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u3002

\n

\u25cf \u7ee7\u7eed\u6539\u8fdb ARM / AArch64 \u5bf9 FreeBSD \u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u662f\u4e8c\u7ea7\u67b6\u6784\u3002

\n

\u25cf\u53cc\u6808 ping \u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u79fb\u9664 Python 2.x \u3001\u66f4\u65b0 Xfce \u684c\u9762\u3002

\n

\u25cf FreeBSD \u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u56f4\u7ed5 OpenZFS Zstd \u652f\u6301\u3001Linux \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u7684 Linuxulator \u6539\u8fdb\u3001LLDB \u76ee\u6807\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001WiFi \u6539\u8fdb\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8d44\u52a9\u3002

\n", "date_published": "2021-01-20T02:52:31+00:00", "title": "FreeBSD \u5ba3\u5e03 2020 \u5e74\u7b2c 4 \u5b63\u5ea6\u72b6\u6001\u62a5\u544a", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/746588" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/740496", "date_modified": "2020-12-31T01:40:30+00:00", "content_html": "FreeBSD\u2014\u2014\u827a\u672f\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u6982\u8bba
\u2192\u2192\u2192\u2192\u2192\u6982\u8bba\uff1a
\u3000\u3000\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u6548\u6027\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u95f4\uff1f\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86 FreeBSD 12.2\uff0c\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c 13.0 \u8fd8\u6709\u7ea6 4 \u4e2a\u6708\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u300e\u7ea6\u5b9a\u300f
\u3000\u3000\u4f7f\u7528 Google \u6765\u67e5\u9605\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5584\u7528\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528 FreeBSD \u3002(\u53e6\u5916\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u8c37\u7c89\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f5c\u6076\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u7684\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u60f3\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u8c37\u6b4c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 duckduckgo, ask, bing, Wikipedia \u7b49\uff0c\u8fdc\u79bb\u67d0\u6bd2\u5373\u53ef)
\u3000\u3000\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u7279\u522b\u7684\uff0c\u54ea\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u4f6c\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u5c0f\u767d\u6765\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4e5f\u77e5\u9053\u5f88\u591a\u65b0\u4eba\u5145\u6ee1\u7591\u60d1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u65b0\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u95ee\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u641c\u5c31\u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u52a0\u4ee5\u5632\u8bbd\uff0c\u8c29\u9a82\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u8be5\u5f15\u5bfc\u4ed6\uff0c\u4f38\u624b\u515a\u65e0\u788d\u5927\u96c5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u8981\u8bf4\u6e05\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e92\u5e2e\u4e92\u52a9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u5f00\u6e90\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7406\u5ff5\u6240\u5728\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u300e\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f FreeBSD \u300f
\u3000\u3000 FreeBSD \u4e0d\u662f Linux\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u56fd\u4ea7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9 Systemd\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5403\u9e21\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u662f UNIX \u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5728 BSD \u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0cFreeBSD \u7684\u7528\u6237\u662f\u6700\u591a\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b Linux \u4e0b\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e2d\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 CentOS \u517c\u5bb9\u5c42\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u901a\u8fc7 debootstrap \u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a debian \u6216\u8005 ubuntu \u7684 / \u7cfb\u7edf\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u300e\u9009\u62e9 FreeBSD \u7684\u4e00\u822c\u539f\u56e0\u300f
\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u9053\u5bb6\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u4f60\u7231\u9009\u4e0d\u9009\uff0c\u592a\u957f\u4e0d\u770b\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\uff1f\u5de6\u8f6c Linux , Windows \u5427\uff0c\u4e0d\u8c22\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u4f5b\u6559\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f18\u5206\u3002\u4e07\u7269\u7f18\u8d77\u6027\u7a7a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u7f18\u76f8\u805a\uff0c\u53c8\u4f1a\u8005\u5b9a\u79bb\u3002\u4e07\u822c\u8bf8\u76f8\u7686\u5982\u6b64\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3b\u7684\u6307\u5f15\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u51fa\u57c3\u53ca\u8bb0\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4f60\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u4e3b\u7684\u5b89\u6392\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u8fa9\u8bc1\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8054\u7cfb\u3002FreeBSD \u662f UNIX \u76f4\u63a5\u540e\u88d4\uff0c\u800c Linux \u53ea\u662f\u4eff\u5236\u54c1\uff0c\u800c\u5f88\u591a\u534f\u8bae\u53c8\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00 UNIX\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u6ce8\u5b9a\u4e86\u8981\u6765\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6309\u7167\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u89c2\u70b9\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u65b0\uff0c\u65e2\u8981\u6709\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6e90\uff0c\u53c8\u8981\u80fd\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u9664\u4e86 FreeBSD \u4e4b\u5916\u6211\u627e\u4e0d\u5230 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
\u3000\u3000 BSD \u4e09\u5219\u6388\u6743\u534f\u8bae\uff1a\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u81ea\u7531\u5206\u53d1\u3002GPL \u4e0e BSD \u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u4f55\u8005\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff1f
\u3000\u3000\u8fdc\u79bb\u788e\u7247\u5316\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9009\u62e9\u56f0\u96be\u75c7\u7528\u6237\u514d\u53d7\u75db\u82e6\u3002
\u3000\u3000 BSD \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 OS\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5185\u6838\u3002\u5185\u6838\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6765\u6574\u4f53\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002
\u3000\u3000
\u300e\u9009\u62e9 FreeBSD \u7684\u6280\u672f\u6027\u539f\u56e0\u300f
\u3000\u3000\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u79bb\u3002/etc \u4e0e /usr/local/etc \u7b49
\u3000\u3000\u6587\u6863\u9f50\u5168\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898 Handbook \u624b\u518c\u90fd\u6709\u8bb0\u8ff0\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e linux \u8f83\u5c11\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u6743\u5229\u53d1\u5e03\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86 FreeBSD \u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002
\u3000\u3000 Ports \u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u7531\u914d\u7f6e\u3002
\u3000\u3000 ZFS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a root \u5206\u533a\u3002ZFS \u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
\u3000\u3000 Jail \u4e0e byhve \u865a\u62df\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u914d\u7f6e\u5e95\u5c42\u865a\u62df\u5316\uff0c\u8282\u7ea6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 BSD INIT \u5f15\u5bfc\uff0c\u4f7f\u4f60\u514d\u53d7 systemd \u8feb\u5bb3\u3002
\u3000\u3000 DTrace \u6846\u67b6\u4e0e GEOM \u5b58\u50a8\u6846\u67b6\u3002
\u3000\u3000 Linux CentOS \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u517c\u5bb9\u5c42\uff0c\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c Linux \u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5176\u652f\u6301 CentOS \u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u300e\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0b\u8f7d FreeBSD \u300f
\u3000\u3000 FreeBSD \u662f\u514d\u8d39\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u3002
\u3000\u3000 [\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5730\u5740] https://www.freebsd.org/zh_CN/where.html
\u3000\u3000\u7248\u672c\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u9009\u62e9\u8f83\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u684c\u9762\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u9009\u62e9 current \u7248\u672c\u3002stable \u548c current \u90fd\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u7248\u672c\uff0crc \u548c beta \u662f\u9884\u89c8\u7248\uff0crelease \u662f\u5e38\u89c4\u7248\u672c\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 freebsd-update \u547d\u4ee4\u5c06 current \u6216 stable \u76f4\u63a5\u5207\u6362\u5230 release\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u4e0d\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u3002current stable \u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7 freebsd-update \u76f4\u63a5\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8bd1\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ca\u5185\u6838\u6765\u5207\u6362\u7248\u672c\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u6b64\u523b\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9 amd64 \u67b6\u6784\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a
\u3000\u3000\u4ee5 img \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u523b\u5f55 U \u76d8\uff0c\u5982 FreeBSD-12.1-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img \u3002img.xz \u662f\u538b\u7f29\u5305\uff0c\u89e3\u538b\u540e\u65b9\u80fd\u523b\u5f55\u3002\u652f\u6301 UEFI \u542f\u52a8\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u81f3\u4e8e\u4ee5 iso \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5e26\u6709 DVD1 \u5b57\u6837\u7684\u3002iso.xz \u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u538b\u3002\u523b\u5f55\u5149\u76d8\u6216\u52a0\u8f7d\u81f3\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u300e FreeBSD or Others \u300f
\u3000\u3000\u2460Linux
\u3000\u3000\u9996\u5148\u5927\u6982\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u662f\u4ece Linux \u8dd1\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u6211\u4e5f\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u7edf\u8ba1\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u59d1\u4e14\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u7f62\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u54ea\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u4e3e\u4f8b\u63d0\u5230 FreeBSD \u662f\u4e00\u79cd Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u662f\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u7ee7\u7eed\u770b\u4e0b\u53bb\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8bef\u4eba\u5b50\u5f1f\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u66fe\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u6155\u8bfe\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4e25\u683c\u6765\u8bf4 Linux \u662f\u6307 Linux kernel\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u800c\u975e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u800c FreeBSD \u662f\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002FreeBSD \u91c7\u7528 BSD \u6388\u6743\u8bb8\u53ef\uff08\u89c1 https://www.freebsd.org/zh_CN/copyright/freebsd-license.html \uff09\u3002FreeBSD \u9a71\u52a8\u65b9\u9762\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e2a\u5927 Bug\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982 Linux \u3002
\u3000\u3000\u2461Mac OS & iOS
\u3000\u3000 Mac OS & iOS \u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u90fd\u57fa\u4e8e FreeBSD \u3002\u53ef\u89c1 FreeBSD \u7684 GUI \u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u641e\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u53ea\u662f xorg \u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u5411\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\u3000 \u9996\u5148 mac os \u548c iOS \u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u90fd\u57fa\u4e8e FreeBSD \u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u8981\u8bf4\u6613\u7528\u6027\u4e86\u3002FreeBSD \u548c Linux \u8fd8\u90fd\u662f\u90a3\u5957 Xorg \u3002\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u672c\u7740\u4f60\u884c\u4f60\u4e0a\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53bb\u3002\u3002\u3002\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u624d\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00 x3 \u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u82f9\u679c\u6210\u5c31\u4e86 mac os iOS \u8fd8\u662f\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765 \u4e8c\u8005\u6210\u5c31\u4e86\u82f9\u679c\u5462\uff1f\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e70 Mbp \u88c5 Windows \u3002\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u559c\u597d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u503c\u5f97\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5047\u8bbe iOS \u9884\u88c5 Android \u3002\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e3e\u4f8b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7eaf\u679c\u7c89\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c1 Windows Phone \u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u62e9 Apple \u5c31\u4e0d\u662f 1% \u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e86\uff1f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u8fd0\u4f5c\u8d77\u7740\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u7528\u5904\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d34\u5427\u91cc\u603b\u6709\u4eba\u770b\u6211\u4e0d\u723d\u4f46\u53c8\u9a82\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u901e\u5f97\u53e3\u820c\u4e4b\u5229\u90fd\u4e0d\u5982\u6211\u3002FreeBSD \u5728\u5927\u9646\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u56e0\u4e3a free \u8fd9\u4e2a\u82f1\u6587\u5355\u8bcd\u8fde\u5b98\u7f51\u90fd\u88ab\u7535\u4fe1\u5c4f\u853d\u8fc7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u76f8\u6bd4\u53ef\u77e5\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u73b0\u5728 UNIX \u8ba4\u8bc1\u5f88\u5bbd\u5bb9\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u4ec0\u4e48\u8840\u7edf\u90a3\u662f\u626f\u6de1\u3002\u597d\u4e0d\u597d\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u5fc3\u91cc\u6ca1\u6570\u5417\uff1f\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\u4ea7\u51fa\u518d\u6295\u5165\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u91cc\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u82f9\u679c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u591a\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7528\u7684\u4eba\u591a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u521d\u671f\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\uff1f FreeBSD \u4e00\u573a\u5b98\u53f8\uff0c\u521d\u671f\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709 Linux \u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bdd\u662f linus \u8bf4\u7684\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u56fd\u6c11\u7d20\u8d28\u6709\u5f85\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u662f\u770b\u4e0d\u8d77\u5632\u8bbd\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Android\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u8bf4\u4e07\u7269\u57fa\u4e8e MIUI \u3002\u8fd9\u548c\u672f\u4e1a\u6709\u4e13\u653b\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u5173\u4e86\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u7528\u6c34\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u7d20\u8d28\u4f4e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e48\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4eba\u8bed\u6587\u6709\u6bdb\u75c5\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6c34\u679c\u6446\u8131\u4e86\u5f00\u6e90\u754c\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u82e6\u96be\u54f2\u5b66\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u2462 Microsoft Windows
\u3000\u3000\u5fae\u8f6f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u89c6\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u4e9b\u793e\u533a\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u52a8\u624b\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u7565\u591a\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a Windows \u7b80\u5355\u56e0\u4e3a\u90fd\u662f\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u754c\u9762\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0cWindows \u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u7cbe\u901a\u6ce8\u518c\u8868\u5426\uff1f\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\u5417\uff1f
\u3000\u3000\u81f3\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a UNIX-like \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6740\u6bd2\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u4e2d\u6bd2\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u75c5\u6bd2\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u57fa\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cFreeBSD \u8fdc\u6bd4 Windows \u5b89\u5168\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u81f3\u4e8e\u6e38\u620f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\uff0c\u5df2\u77e5 steam \u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u8fd0\u884c Minecraft \u8fd9\u79cd java \u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6bdb\u75c5\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u300e\u53c2\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u5de5\u4f5c\u300f
\u3000\u3000\u8bf7\u52a0 telegram \u7fa4\u7ec4\uff1afreebsdba \u3001freebsd_cn \u53ca freebsd_taiwan_community \u4e86\u89e3\u3002
\u3000\u3000 QQ \u7fa4\u7ec4\uff1a731675387 817507910(\u6811\u8393\u6d3e\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u76f8\u5173)
\u3000\u3000\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Handbook \uff1f\u5c31\u662f\u624b\u518c\u3002\u5305\u542b\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u95ee\u7b54\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e WIKI \u3002

\u3000\u3000\u300e\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u7384\u5b66\u300f
\u3000\u3000 FreeBSD \u662f\u4e00\u79cd UNIX \u54f2\u5b66(\u5982\u6a21\u5757\u5316\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\uff0c\u89c1\u300a UNIX \u7f16\u7a0b\u827a\u672f\u300b\u2769\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5b66\u9662\u6d3e\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u5979\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\uff0c\u5979\u5b58\u5728\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u300e\u786c\u4ef6\u652f\u6301\u300f
\u3000\u3000\u622a\u81f3 2020 \u5e74 12 \u6708 22 \u65e5\uff0cFreeBSD \u5df2\u7ecf\u652f\u6301 intel \u5341\u4ee3\u5904\u7406\u5668\u663e\u5361\uff08 FreeBSD 12.2-STABLE / FreeBSD 13-CURRENT \uff09\uff0cNVME PCI-E \u786c\u76d8\uff0cUEFI + GPT\uff0cRoot \u5206\u533a\u4f7f\u7528 ZFS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u6811\u8393\u6d3e\u7b49\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c5G wifi\uff0cKDE Plasma 5\uff0cClang + llvm \u3002
\u3000\u3000\u4f46\u662f\u56ff\u4e8e\u786c\u4ef6\u7e41\u591a\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u652f\u6301\u8fd8\u8bf7\u770b https://www.freebsd.org/where.html \u7684 [ Hardware Compatibility List ] \u90e8\u5206\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6709\u4e9b\u7f51\u5361\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d2d\u4e70 USB \u7f51\u5361\uff1a\u63a8\u8350 COMFAST CF-WU810N \u7f51\u5361\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u663e\u5361\u652f\u6301\u8fd8\u8bf7\u67e5\u770b\uff0c\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\u5bf9\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u663e\u5361\u652f\u6301\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\uff01
\u3000\u3000 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics

\u3000\u3000\u300e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u300f
\u3000\u3000\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3002\u7528\u8fc7 Gentoo \u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9 FreeBSD \u7684 Ports \u5e76\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\uff0c \u56e0\u4e3a portage \u6b63\u662f\u8131\u80ce\u4e8e\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c1 [ https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:Portage#About_Portage \u201dPortage is a GPLv2 package management system based on ports collections.\u201d] \u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u8fc7\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u7d27\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u6765\u8fc7\u66f4\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u3002
\u3000\u3000 FreeBSD \u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e90\u5171\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u5883\u5185\u5c1a\u65e0\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\u3002(\u53d1\u90ae\u4ef6\u8be2\u95ee\u8fc7\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u65e0\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u89e3\u91ca)
\u3000\u3000\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a
\u3000\u3000\u7f51\u6613 163 \u955c\u50cf\u7ad9 [PKG+Ports]
\u3000\u3000 freebsd#cn (\u66ff\u6362#\u4e3a.) [ports pkg update portsnap \u90fd\u6709]
\u3000\u3000\u5317\u4eac\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b66\u5f00\u6e90\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9[\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u56db\u7c7b\u6e90\u90fd\u6709\uff0c\u4f46 ports update \u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\uff0ctelegram \u8054\u7cfb\u7fa4\u7ec4\uff1abjtumirror]
\u3000\u3000 USTC \u5f00\u6e90\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9[pkg+update]
\u3000\u3000\u8981\u60f3\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ea7\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b50\u57df\u540d cn.freebsd.org \uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5883\u5185 org \u4e0d\u80fd\u5907\u6848\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f00\u653e web \u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u8fd9\u76ee\u524d\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e2a\u65e0\u89e3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1f
\u3000\u3000

\u3000\u3000\u300e\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6e90\u300f
\u3000\u3000\u76f8\u5173\u4e66\u7c4d\uff1a\u300a Absolute FreeBSD 3rd \u300b\u3002\u65e7\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u4e0d\u50cf linux \u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u5165\u95e8\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48 XX \u79d2\u7cbe\u901a Linux\uff0cLinux XX \u5b66\uff0c*linux* \u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4e0a\u8fb9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e66\uff0c\u5b66 Linux \u7684\u4e5f\u5c3d\u91cf\u522b\u770b\uff0c\u8d28\u91cf\u592a\u5dee\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u770b UNIX \u76f8\u5173\u4e66\u7c4d\u5373\u53ef\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u300e\u6350\u8d60\u4e8b\u5b9c\u300f
\u3000\u3000 FreeBSD \u5b98\u65b9\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a https://www.freebsdfoundation.org/
\u3000\u3000\u6700\u4f4e\u9650\u5ea6 $10\uff0c\u652f\u6301 VISA \u4fe1\u7528\u5361\u3002\u6709\u529b\u8005\u53ef\u6350\u8d60\u4e00\u4e8c\u3002

\u2192\u2192\u2192\u2192\u2192\u5bfc\u8a00\uff1a
\u5bfc\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u201c\u524d\u8a00\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5bfc\u8bba\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6982\u8bba\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6954\u5b50\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5199\u5728\u524d\u9762\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5c0f\u8bb0\u201d\u6216\u201c\u60f3\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u53eb\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u662f\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u5747\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u524d\u8a00\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5728\u6240\u6709\u4e66\u4e2d\u6700\u957f\u7684\u524d\u8a00\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6211\u60f3\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5e84\u5b50\u5728\u300a\u5357\u534e\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u6240\u8a00\uff1b\u201c\u543e\u751f\u4e5f\u6709\u6daf\uff0c\u800c\u77e5\u4e5f\u65e0\u6daf\u3002\u4ee5\u6709\u6daf\u968f\u65e0\u6daf\uff0c\u6b86\u5df2\uff01\u201d\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4e0d\u5f3a\u8c03\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7ec8\u8eab\u5b66\u4e60\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u4eba\u80fd\u5f18\u9053\uff0c\u975e\u9053\u5f18\u4eba\u3002\u77e5\u8bc6\u90fd\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u6050\u6016\u5982\u65af\u7684\u6e21\u52ab\u5f3a\u8005\u5411\u4ed6\u4eba\u918d\u9190\u704c\u9876\u4f20\u8f93\u529f\u6cd5\uff0c\u6240\u53d7\u4e4b\u4eba\u4ea6\u4e0d\u80fd\u7a77\u5c3d\u6240\u6709\u9053\u6cd5\u3002\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u77ed\u6682\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b87\u5b99\u6765\u8bf4\u53c8\u4f55\u5176\u77ed\u6682\uff01\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u6c38\u8fdc\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u5265\u524a\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u56f0\u96be\u662f\u8d22\u5bcc\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728 FreeBSD \u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u8d22\u5bcc\u7684\u5408\u96c6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u82e6\u96be\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u79cd\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u522b\u540d\u53eb\u505a FreeBSD \u54f2\u5b66\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u63d0\u5230\u5f00\u6e90\u4e8c\u5b57\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4eba\u4eec\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230 GNU \u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u6bd4\u5982 FreeBSD \u6b64\u7c7b\u8ba1\u5212\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8bbd\u523a Microsoft\uff0c\u8bf4 Microsoft Windows \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684 IDE \u5783\u573e\uff0c\u9690\u85cf\u4e86\u5f15\u64ce\u76d6\u4e0b\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4e00\u6309\u4e0b\u53bb\u201c\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u6c47\u7f16\uff0c\u94fe\u63a5\u201d\u56db\u6b65\u5c31\u90fd\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u4fbf\u4f1a\u6709\u4eba\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u7528 Linux \u5427\uff0c\u518d\u5b89\u4e2a GCC\uff0c\u7528 VIM \u5199\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7528 GDB \u8c03\u8bd5\u3002\u7528 Windows \u591a\u5783\u573e\u554a\uff0c\u4f60\u5165 Linux \u554a\uff01
\u3000\u3000\u4ece\u6b64\uff0c\u8bef\u5165\u5c18\u7f51\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u53bb\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u3002\u4ece Ubuntu \u5230 Gentoo\uff0c\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u6362\u4e86\u51e0\u767e\u4e2a\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u6210\u521d\u5fc3\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5148\u6709\u952e\u76d8\uff0c\u540e\u6709\u9f20\u6807\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4f60\u7701\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e70\u9f20\u6807\u7684\u94b1\u3002\u628a Xorg \u5220\u6389\uff0c\u4f60\u8bf4\u684c\u9762\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\uff1b\u628a Windows \u5220\u6389\uff0c\u4f60\u8bf4\u8282\u7ea6\u786c\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e86 VIM \u51e0\u5343\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8bb0\u4e8b\u672c\u597d\u7528\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u82e6\u96be\u7531\u6b64\u800c\u751f\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6211\u4e0d\u89c9\u5f97\u5728 TTY \u4e0b\u52a0\u8f7d\u51fa Bilibili \u7684 HTML \u64ad\u653e\u5668\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u503c\u5f97\u79f0\u8d5e\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4e5f\u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u4f7f\u7528 xfce \u684c\u9762\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5b83\u54ea\u91cc\u4f18\u8d8a\u4e8e MAC OS \u6216\u8005 Windows \u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u4ecd\u7136\u4e00\u5982\u65e2\u5f80\u7684\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u4f18\u8d8a\u6027\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5f00\u6e90\u4e0d\u662f\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740 Free \u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u514d\u9664\u4e00\u5207\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u53ea\u80fd\u4f9d\u9760\u81ea\u5df2\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6211\u60f3\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u8d70\u8fdb\u4e86\u9752\u94dc\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u53c8\u8981\u56de\u5f52\u77f3\u5668\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u4f60\u8bf4\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8282\u7ea6\u786c\u4ef6\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8282\u7ea6\u6b63\u7248\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8d39\u7528\u3002\u6211\u8bf4\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u7528\u6c47\u7f16\u8fdb\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\uff1b\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u6807\u914d\u63d0\u5347\u5230\u4e86 8G \uff1b\u800c\u6b63\u7248\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5fc3\u91cc\u90fd\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f00\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u968f\u610f\u5546\u7528\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u8f7b\u91cf\u5316\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u4ee3\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u7136\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7ed9\u4f60\u4ee3\u7801\u8ba9\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u4fee\u6539\u5e76\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u82b1\u4e0a\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002\u4f60\u8bf4\u81ea\u5df1\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u5374\u62ff\u4e0d\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bc1\u636e\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5f00\u6e90\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u53f7\u79f0\u4e92\u5e2e\u4e92\u52a9\u3002\u8457\u540d IRC \u9891\u9053\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5f88\u9057\u61be\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fd\u5185\u8bba\u575b\uff0c\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u4e71\u4e03\u516b\u7cdf\u7684 log \u8d34\u4e0a\u53bb\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u5632\u8bbd\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u4e11\u5ab3\u71ac\u6210\u4e86\u6076\u5a46\u5a46\u201c\u4ec0\u4e48 https\uff0c\u4f60\u61c2 openssh \u5417\uff1f\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u8bc1\u4e66\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u5417\uff1f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u95ee\u4e2a\u2026\u201d\u4ee5\u6b64\u5faa\u73af\u5f80\u590d\uff0c\u6211\u66f4\u662f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u591a\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u67d0\u534f\u4f1a\u5728\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u524d\u4f1a\u957f\u6253\u5e7f\u544a\u3002\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u94b1\u548c\u8086\u610f\u5632\u8bbd\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528 CentOS,\u6211\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u5b83\u54ea\u91cc\u6bd4 Scientific Linux \u597d\u3002\u6027\u8d28\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u660e\u767d\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u4ece\u4f17\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7406\u6027\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5c31\u6df1\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u662f\u591a\u4e48\u7684\u65e0\u77e5\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u76db\u884c\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5f00\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5012\u8f66\u3002\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9 OSS only for server \u3002\u8bf4 FreeBSD \u4e0d\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u7528\u8fc7 iOS; \u8bf4 Linux \u5783\u573e\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u7528\u8fc7 Android \u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5e26\u7740\u82e6\u96be\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u72b9\u5982\u5957\u5728\u888b\u5b50\u91cc\u7684\u4eba\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u6709\u4eba\u628a FreeBSD \u5f53\u4f5c Linux \u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u4e8e\u5f18\u9053\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u62b1\u6028\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u5728\u94a2\u7b4b\u6c34\u6ce5\u4e2d\u9010\u6e10\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u8fd9\u5f53\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4f20\u7edf\u6280\u827a\u529f\u6cd5\u5931\u4f20\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u6240\u8c13\u5c01\u5efa\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f20\u7537\u4e0d\u4f20\u5973\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u5f92\u5f1f\u997f\u6b7b\u5e08\u7236\uff0c\u6982\u4e0d\u5916\u4f20\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e94\u8be5\u516c\u5f00\u771f\u672c\u9886\uff0c\u771f\u672c\u4e8b\uff0c\u771f\u6280\u6cd5\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u771f\u672c\u9886\u3001\u771f\u672c\u4e8b\u3001\u771f\u6280\u6cd5\u8fd9\u4e09\u771f\uff0c\u6211\u53eb\u4ed6\u9053\u6cd5\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u9053\u6cd5\uff0c1+1=2 \u4e5f\u662f\u9053\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8bc1\u660e 1+1=2 \u4e5f\u662f\u9053\u6cd5\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u5207\u6240\u77e5\u7686\u4e3a\u9053\u6cd5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e3a\u4f55\u51a0\u540d\u4ee5\u9053\uff0c\u4e0b\u7ae0\u518d\u8bae\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9053\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u8f7b\u4f20\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u8f7b\u4f20\u5e76\u975e\u6307\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4f20\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6307\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u853d\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e0a\u514d\u8d39\u83b7\u53d6\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u662f\u9a97\u4eba\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6bd4\u5c14\u76d6\u8328\u4e00\u5b9a\u5341\u5206\u8d5e\u540c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u3002
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\u3000\u3000\u5728\u9053\u6559\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u5ff5\u7ecf\u6587\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u9053\u6cd5\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5e94\u8be5\u907f\u8bb3\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b57\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u9053\u58eb\u80fd\u5ff5\u7684\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u5c45\u58eb\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ff5\u7684\uff0c\u5ff5\u65f6\u5f80\u4f55\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u6390\u4f55\u79cd\u624b\u5370\uff0c\u4ece\u54ea\u5230\u54ea\uff0c\u8be5\u5ff5\u51e0\u904d\uff0c\u4f55\u65e5\u7981\u5fcc\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ea\u6709\u5e08\u7236\u4f1a\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u4e0d\u4f1a\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u3002
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\u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u7269\u78e8\u5e73\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u68f1\u89d2\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u78e8\u5e73\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u7269\u9047\u4e0d\u5e73\u5219\u9e23\uff0c\u541b\u5b50\u4e0d\u5668\uff0c\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eba\u5229\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u79cd\u5374\u90fd\u662f\u8d64\u88f8\u88f8\u7684\u8840\u8165\u8d2a\u5a6a\u66b4\u529b\uff0c\u90fd\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u3002\u5929\u4e0b\u5927\u4e8b\u7edd\u975e\u5076\u7136\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u6c86\u7023\u4e00\u6c14\u4e0d\u5982\u5bc4\u60c5\u5c71\u6c34\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u5927\u5668\u4e0d\u6210\uff0c\u5929\u610f\u96be\u8fdd\u3002\u6309\u7167\u552f\u7269\u8fa9\u8bc1\u6cd5\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5374\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4ed6\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e3b\u4e49\u727a\u7272\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4e07\u4e00\u4ed6\u662f\u9519\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u53bb\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u4eba\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u672a\u77e5\u6570\uff0c\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u6027\u3002\u4ece\u4e0a\u8ff0\u89c2\u70b9\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5927\u5668\u867d\u665a\u6210\uff0c\u7ecf\u5929\u4ea6\u7eac\u5730\u3002", "date_published": "2020-12-31T01:39:56+00:00", "title": "FreeBSD\u2014\u2014\u827a\u672f\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u6982\u8bba v3 \u7248\u672c", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/740496" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/740176", "title": "Fcitx5 \u4e0a\u7ebf FreeBSD", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/740176", "date_published": "2020-12-29T23:02:33+00:00", "content_html": "textproc/fcitx5
textproc/fcitx5-qt
textproc/fcitx5-gtk
textproc/fcitx5-configtool
chinese/fcitx5-rime
\u2026

\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 ports \u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u548c\u684c\u9762\u4ee5\u53ca shell \u3002\u7ecf\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 slim\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u95ee\u9898\u3002SDDM \u53ef\u7528\u3002

\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\uff1a
cp /usr/local/share/applications/fcitx.desktop ~/.config/autostart/

\u5728.cshrc \u548c /etc/csh.cshrc \u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6b64\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u90e8\u5206\u7a97\u53e3 fcitx \u65e0\u6548\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e0\u6cd5\u8f93\u5165\u663e\u793a\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002
setenv QT4_IM_MODULE fcitx
setenv GTK_IM_MODULE fcitx
setenv QT_IM_MODULE fcitx
setenv GTK2_IM_MODULE fcitx
setenv GTK3_IM_MODULE fcitx
setenv XMODIFIERS @im=fcitx
setenv LANG zh_CN.UTF-8
setenv MM_CHARSET zh_CN.UTF-8

\u5728 root \u7528\u6237\u4e0b rime \u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8f93\u5165\u6cd5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b8c\u6210\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff01" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/MeteorCat", "name": "MeteorCat", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/a40ff529131a1a8044dbc2bf07cbc78c?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/738491", "title": "FreeBSD \u901f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8fbe\u6807", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/738491", "date_published": "2020-12-24T02:38:13+00:00", "content_html": "

\u6700\u8fd1\u4ece CentOS8 \u5207\u6362\u5230 FreeBSD12 \u53d1\u73b0\u901f\u5ea6\u5f88\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bf4\u4e0b\u4e3b\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f:

\n
\u8001\u5bb6\u4e70\u4e86\u6d6a\u6f6e\u673a\u67b6\u8001\u670d\u52a1\u5668(\u5fd8\u4e86\u5565\u578b\u53f7)\u548c\u6234\u5c14 730xd \u673a\u67b6\u670d\u52a1\u5668(\u6700\u8fd1\u66f4\u65b0),\u4e13\u95e8\u63a5\u4e86\u516c\u7f51\u5bbd\u5e26\u6765\u505a\u79c1\u6709\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u7f51\u4e70\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u628a\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u4f1a\u56fd\u5185\u8001\u5bb6\u8fd9\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u7684.\n\n\u4ee5\u524d\u8dd1 CentOS \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8f6c\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u901f\u5ea6\u90fd\u8dd1\u6ee1\u7684, \u81ea\u4ece\u5207\u6362 FreeBSD \u53d1\u73b0\u8f6c\u53d1\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u6548\u7387\u4e0d\u5c3d\u5982\u4eba\u610f, \u60f3\u95ee\u4e0b\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u5417\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u90a3\u66f4\u52a0\u611f\u8c22\uff01\n
\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/738369", "title": "\u9009\u62e9 FreeBSD \u800c\u4e0d\u662f Linux \u7684\u6280\u672f\u6027\u539f\u56e0", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/738369", "date_published": "2020-12-23T11:21:09+00:00", "content_html": "\u9009\u62e9 FreeBSD \u800c\u4e0d\u662f Linux \u7684\u6280\u672f\u539f\u56e0

\u5e72\u51c0\u7684\u5206\u79bb
\u5728 FreeBSD \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u8c03\u4f18\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528 FreeBSD \u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u5f88\u7279\u522b\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002
\u4ece 1998 \u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570 GNU/Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u79cd \"\u4e0d\u5339\u914d \"\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002
\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0cDebian GNU/Linux \u6709 Debian \u7684\u505a\u4e8b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002Debian \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u5957\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u8865\u4e01\u6765\u4f7f\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7b26\u5408 \"Debian \u65b9\u5f0f \"\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u4f60\u5728 Debian \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e0a\u7684\u505a\u4e8b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5374\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u4e0a\u6e38\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u8ba9\u4eba\u975e\u5e38\u70e6\u607c\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0a\u6e38\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e Debian \u4e0a\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 systemd\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f3a\u884c\u6309\u7167 \"Debian \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f \"\u53bb\u505a\u3002\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u4ee5 \"Debian \u65b9\u5f0f \"\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u5219\u4e0d\u662f\u3002Debian GNU/Linux \u91c7\u7528\u4e86 systemd\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u90e8\u5206\u662f Debian \u7279\u6709\u7684\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u7981\u7528\u6216\u79fb\u9664 Debian \u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u624d\u80fd\u8ba9 systemd \u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
\u5728\u50cf Arch Linux \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 \"Arch \u65b9\u5f0f \"\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002Arch Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u5e0c\u671b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u80fd\u591f\u50cf\u4e0a\u6e38\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9664\u975e\u7edd\u5bf9\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u8fd9\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e0a\u6e38\u6587\u6863\u4e0e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u786e\u5b9e\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u8fd8\u662f\u66f4\u559c\u6b22 Arch Linux\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f Debian\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a Debian \u6709\u65f6\u51e0\u4e4e\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002
Ubuntu \u5c31\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e Debian \u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5f88\u591a Debian \u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6709 \"Ubuntu \u65b9\u5f0f\"\uff0c\u5373\u5728 Debian \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u53c8\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u5c42\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6539\u8fdb\u5de5\u5177\u5c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u4f7f Ubuntu \u51fa\u73b0\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6545\u969c\u2014\u2014\u5373\u5185\u90e8\u9519\u8bef\u3002
\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u9a6c\u4e0a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4f60\u6240\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
\u5185\u6838\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5206\u79bb\u7684\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u5165 /etc\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u5165 /usr/local/etc \u3002\u6240\u6709\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u6574\u6216\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u5728 man \u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002
\u4f60\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4ece rc \u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u88ab init \u8c03\u7528\u540e\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u811a\u672c\uff09\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u518d\u5230 sysctl \u5185\u6838\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5f88\u597d\u3002
\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3a FreeBSD \u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u5806\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u88ab\u7c98\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u8003\u8651\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u5468\u5168\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u591a\u5e74\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6765\u81ea\u771f\u5b9e\u4f7f\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\u548c\u884c\u4e1a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u3002
\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u9605\u8bfb Michael W. Lucas \u7684\u300a Absolute FreeBSD \u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e66\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u6293\u4f4f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u60c5\u4f1a\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002

\u6587\u6863
\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6587\u6863\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u67d0\u9879\u6280\u672f /\u5de5\u5177\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u6587\u6863\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b83\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u3001\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u548c\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a Bug \u3002
FreeBSD \u7684\u6587\u6863\u662f\u968f\u7cfb\u7edf\u9644\u5e26\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 handbook \u624b\u518c\u8d28\u91cf\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a FreeBSD \u7f16\u5199\u7684\u3002\u60a8\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002
FreeBSD \u4e5f\u6709 FreeBSD \u624b\u518c\uff0c\u5b83\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86 FreeBSD \u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u9700\u3002FreeBSD \u624b\u518c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u672c\u5730\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u624b\u518c\u5076\u5c14\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u6301\u7eed\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5199\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u3002

\u5b89\u5168
\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u88ab\u5165\u4fb5\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u88ab\u5165\u4fb5\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4fdd\u62a4\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u610f\u5473\u7740\u60a8\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u53ea\u88ab\u6388\u6743\u7684\u4eba\u7528\u4e8e\u6388\u6743\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002
FreeBSD \u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ea2\u51fa\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\uff0cFreeBSD \u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u9009\u9879\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u514d\u53d7\u653b\u51fb\u3002
\u6211\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4efd\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u9009\u9879\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a FreeBSD \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4e3b\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5199\u6ee1\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u4e86\u89e3 FreeBSD \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u5f3a\u70c8\u63a8\u8350 Michael W. Lucas \u7684\u300a Absolute FreeBSD \u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002
\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u63d0\u51e0\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002

\u5728\u5b89\u88c5 FreeBSD \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u7528\u6216\u7981\u7528\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002

\u9690\u85cf\u5176\u4ed6 UID \u8fdb\u7a0b
\u9690\u85cf\u5176\u4ed6 GID \u8fdb\u7a0b
\u9690\u533f\u5df2\u88ab\u56da\u7981\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b
\u9690\u85cf\u4fe1\u606f\u7f13\u51b2\u533a
\u7981\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u8bd5
\u968f\u673a\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b ID
\u7981\u7528 syslogd \u7f51\u7edc
\u7981\u7528 Sendmail
\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u53f0
\u975e\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u5806\u6808\u548c\u5806\u6808\u4fdd\u62a4
\u5927\u591a\u6570 FreeBSD \u7684\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 security.bsd sysctl \u6811\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6bcf\u9694\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6765\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c sysctl -d security.bsd \u6765\u663e\u793a\u60a8\u7684 FreeBSD \u5b89\u88c5\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u9009\u9879\u3002
# sysctl -d security.bsd
security.bsd: BSD security policy
security.bsd.stack_guard_page: Specifies the number of guard pages for a stack that grows
security.bsd.unprivileged_get_quota: Unprivileged processes may retrieve quotas for other uids and gids
security.bsd.hardlink_check_gid: Unprivileged processes cannot create hard links to files owned by other groups
security.bsd.hardlink_check_uid: Unprivileged processes cannot create hard links to files owned by other users
security.bsd.unprivileged_idprio: Allow non-root users to set an idle priority
security.bsd.unprivileged_proc_debug: Unprivileged processes may use process debugging facilities
security.bsd.conservative_signals: Unprivileged processes prevented from sending certain signals to processes whose credentials have changed
security.bsd.see_jail_proc: Unprivileged processes may see subjects/objects with different jail ids
security.bsd.see_other_gids: Unprivileged processes may see subjects/objects with different real gid
security.bsd.see_other_uids: Unprivileged processes may see subjects/objects with different real uid
security.bsd.unprivileged_read_msgbuf: Unprivileged processes may read the kernel message buffer
security.bsd.unprivileged_mlock: Allow non-root users to call mlock(2)
security.bsd.suser_enabled: processes with uid 0 have privilege
security.bsd.map_at_zero: Permit processes to map an object at virtual address 0.

\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7edf\u8ba1
\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a FreeBSD \u548c Linux \u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5217\u8868\u3002FreeBSD \u4e0a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u6570\u91cf\u666e\u904d\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u5473\u7740 FreeBSD \u6bd4 Linux \u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a Linux \u4e0a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002
+---------+---------+-------+
| Year | FreeBSD | Linux |
+---------|---------|-------+
| 1999 | 18 | 19 |
| 2000 | 27 | 5 |
| 2001 | 36 | 22 |
| 2002 | 31 | 15 |
| 2003 | 14 | 19 |
| 2004 | 15 | 51 |
| 2005 | 17 | 133 |
| 2006 | 27 | 90 |
| 2007 | 9 | 62 |
| 2008 | 15 | 71 |
| 2009 | 11 | 102 |
| 2010 | 8 | 123 |
| 2011 | 10 | 83 |
| 2012 | 10 | 115 |
| 2013 | 13 | 189 |
| 2014 | 18 | 130 |
| 2015 | 6 | 86 |
| 2016 | 6 | 217 |
| 2017 | 23 | 454 |
| 2018 | 29 | 177 |
| 2019 | 18 | 170 |
|---------|---------|-------|
| Total | 361 | 2333 |
+---------+---------+-------+
\u6709\u5173\u7279\u5b9a\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b FreeBSD \u548c Linux \u7684 CVE \u8be6\u60c5\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002

\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027
FreeBSD \u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u7ba1\u7406\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002FreeBSD \u4ece\u6784\u601d\u5230\u516c\u5f00\u53d1\u5e03\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002
\u5f53\u6709\u4eba\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u540c\u884c\u5ba1\u67e5\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5b83\u8fdb\u5165 \"CURRENT\"\u5206\u652f\u8fdb\u884c\u7efc\u5408\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u590d\u6742\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6216\u6f5c\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8c03\u6574\u8fdb\u5165\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5b83\u8fdb\u5165 \"STABLE\"\u5206\u652f\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7fa4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7248\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u793e\u533a\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u8fdb\u5165\u53d1\u5e03\u5019\u9009\u7248\u672c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6301\u7eed 3 \u8f6e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002
\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u53d1\u5e03\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u76f8\u4fe1\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002
\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u8865\u4e01\u53d1\u5e03\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fee\u590d\u4efb\u4f55\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u3002
\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f FreeBSD \u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002

Ports
FreeBSD Ports \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u58ee\u4e3e\u3002NetBSD \u7684 pkgsrc (package source) \u548c OpenBSD \u7684 ports collection \u90fd\u6e90\u4e8e FreeBSD ports \u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
\u901a\u5e38\u5f53\u60a8\u5728 Unix \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u627e\u5230\u5e76\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u540e\u89e3\u538b\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u538b\u7f29\u7684 tar \u5305\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5728 INSTALL \u3001README \u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u6587\u6863\uff0c \u5e76\u9605\u8bfb\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f\u4ee5\u6e90\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b83\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7f16\u8f91\u4e00\u4e2a Makefile \u6216\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a configure \u811a\u672c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c \u5219\u9700\u8981\u5148\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u3002
FreeBSD ports Collection \u4f7f\u7528 Makefile \u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001 \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5378\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c \u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 make \u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u7ec4\u6210 port \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c \u4ee5\u4fbf\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3001 \u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u3001 \u6253\u8865\u4e01\u3001 \u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c \u800c\u5728 ports \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf8\u5982 make install \u6216 make install clean \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c \u7528\u6237\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u5e72\u9884 (\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8bdd)\u3002\u5982\u679c port \u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u5176\u5b83\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u5e93\uff0c \u5219\u4f1a\u4e8b\u5148\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u88c5\u3002
\u5927\u591a\u6570 port \u90fd\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u9009\u9879\uff0c \u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9002\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c \u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f ports \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c \u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u524d\u4f7f\u7528 make config \u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5f39\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u754c\u9762\uff0c \u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u9009\u62e9\u6240\u9700\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002
\u5728\u5199\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7 38487 \u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53ef\u7528
\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cports \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u5305\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\uff0c \u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 FreeBSD pkg - Binary Package Management \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u9884\u5148\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684 port \u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a \"package\"\u3002
FreeBSD \u9879\u76ee\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u8054\u7f16\u573a\uff0c \u5176\u4e2d\u8054\u7f16\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u652f\u6301\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u8054\u7f16\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u5df2\u77e5\u9519\u8bef\uff0c \u800c\u6bcf\u5468\u7684\u8054\u7f16\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u5b58\u6863\u83b7\u5f97\u3002

\u6eda\u52a8\u53d1\u884c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305
\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u60a8\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u652f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb \"quarterly\"\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb \"latest\"\u3002
Quarterly \u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u5e74 1 \u6708\u30014 \u6708\u30017 \u6708\u548c 10 \u6708\u7684\u5b63\u5ea6\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\uff0c \u4ece\u4fee\u8ba2\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684 HEAD \u5206\u652f\u4e2d\u5207\u5272\u51fa\u6765\u7684 Ports \u5206\u652f\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c \u4e5f\u662f\u7531\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u652f\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002
Quarterly \u5206\u652f\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684 ports \u548c\u5305\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u8fd9\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u975e\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u65b0\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u5b63\u5ea6\u5206\u652f\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u5b89\u5168\u4fee\u590d\uff0c \u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u7248\u672c\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c \u6216\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u56de\u6eaf\uff0c \u9519\u8bef\u4fee\u590d\u548c ports \u5408\u89c4\u6027\u6216\u6846\u67b6\u53d8\u5316\u3002
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u4e86 \"latest\"\u7684\u5206\u652f\uff0cFreeBSD \u5c31\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u6eda\u52a8\u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c \u800c\u4e14\u548c Arch Linux \u5f88\u50cf\uff0c \u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002

Poudriere
Poudriere \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5 FreeBSD \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u5229\u7528 FreeBSD jail \u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b jail \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684 FreeBSD \u7f16\u8bd1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab FreeBSD pkg \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
Poudriere \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u795e\u5947\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 Poudriere\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5e93\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5c06\u5b8c\u5168\u6309\u7167\u60a8\u7684\u89c4\u683c\u548c\u9700\u6c42\u6784\u5efa\u3002
Poudriere \u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u6574\u4e2a ports \u6811\u7684\u6279\u91cf\u8054\u7f16\uff0cports \u6811\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c \u6216\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5355\u4e2a port \u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u52a8\u5730\u8054\u7f16\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c \u751f\u6210\u8054\u7f16\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7b7e\u540d\u7684 pkg \u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c \u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e00\u4e2a\u8865\u4e01\u5230 FreeBSD bug \u8ddf\u8e2a\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\u6d4b\u8bd5 port \u8054\u7f16\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c \u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9009\u9879\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8054\u7f16\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002Poudriere \u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e72\u51c0\u7684 Jail \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8054\u7f16\uff0c \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c \u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528 zfs \u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u4e3b\u673a\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u5916\u7684\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002
Poudriere \u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u652f\u6301\u7684 FreeBSD \u7248\u672c\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002

ZFS
ZFS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f FreeBSD \u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7b49\u516c\u6c11\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 ZFS \u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f88\u591a\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u7d27\u5bc6\u5730\u96c6\u6210\u6216\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u5bf9 ZFS \u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c ZFS \u548c\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c ZFS \u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7814\u7a76 ZFS \u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u3002
ZFS \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u70b9\u662f\uff08\u6458\u81ea\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff09\u3002
\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u957f\u671f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u65e0\u9650\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u96f6\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u9ad8\u914d\u7f6e\u6027\u3002
\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5143\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5c42\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6574\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u635f\u574f\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u6551\u3002\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u5757\u7684\u7236\u5757\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5757\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u8bb8\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f62\u6210\u9c9c\u660e\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6301\u6709\uff09\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u8d77\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u3002
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u5143\u6570\u636e\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u6216\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6570\u636e\u635f\u574f\u540e\u7684\u6062\u590d\u80fd\u529b\u3002
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u56de\u6eda\u6700\u8fd1\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u3002
\u5f53\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u548c\u5199\u5165\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u591f\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u548c\uff08\u901a\u5e38\uff09\u65e0\u58f0\u5730\u81ea\u6108\u3002\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u91cd\u5efa\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u7684\u7236\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u6821\u6b63\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\uff1b\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u526f\u672c\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\uff09\uff1b\u5728 SLOG \uff08 ZIL \uff09\u4e0a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5e94\u8be5\u53d1\u751f\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5199\u5165\u610f\u56fe\uff08\u65ad\u7535\u540e\uff09\uff1b RAID/RAIDZ \u78c1\u76d8\u548c\u5377\u7684\u5947\u5076\u6821\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u955c\u50cf\u78c1\u76d8\u548c\u5377\u7684\u6570\u636e\u526f\u672c\u3002
\u6807\u51c6 RAID \u7ea7\u522b\u548c\u989d\u5916\u7684 ZFS RAID \u5e03\u5c40\uff08\"RAIDZ\"\uff09\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0cRAIDZ \u7ea7\u522b\u53ea\u5728\u6240\u9700\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5265\u79bb\uff08\u8bb8\u591a RAID \u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u4e0d\u52a0\u533a\u5206\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5265\u79bb\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u5efa\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6216\u635f\u574f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u5757\u3002
\u539f\u751f\u5904\u7406\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u5377\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a ZFS \u4e5f\u4e86\u89e3\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6765\u544a\u77e5\u3001\u6574\u5408\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5176\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u65e0\u6cd5\u505a\u5230\u7684\u3002
\u5bf9\u5feb\u7167\u548c\u5907\u4efd /\u590d\u5236\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6574\u5408\u5377\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5916\u90e8\u811a\u672c\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u624d\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u3002
\u539f\u751f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u91cd\u590d\u6570\u636e\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u540e\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u5728 RAM \u4e2d\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4e14\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u3002
\u9ad8\u6548\u91cd\u5efa RAID \u9635\u5217--RAID \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u5efa\u6574\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u4f46 ZFS \u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u78c1\u76d8\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5c06\u4efb\u4f55\u91cd\u5efa\u9650\u5236\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u635f\u574f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u52a0\u5feb\u4e86\u91cd\u5efa\u901f\u5ea6\u3002
\u4e0d\u53d7 RAID \u786c\u4ef6\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u5e26\u7684 RAID \u786c\u4ef6\uff08\u5982 RAID \u5361\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a RAID \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u7f3a\u5c11\u539f RAID \u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u7ba1\u7406 RAID \u9635\u5217\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u63a5\u8fd1\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a \"\u57ab\u811a\u77f3\"\u3002\u7531\u4e8e ZFS \u81ea\u5df1\u7ba1\u7406 RAID\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 ZFS \u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u88c5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cRAIDZ \u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u518d\u6b21\u88ab ZFS \u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u7acb\u5373\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002
\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u672c\u6765\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4f46\u6700\u8fd1\u53cd\u800c\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97 ZFS \u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u91cd\u65b0\u8bc4\u4f30\u5176\u7f13\u5b58\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\uff08 ZFS \u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u901a\u5e38\u8d85\u8fc7 80%\uff09\u3002
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u539f\u672c\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u51cf\u6162\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u5199\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7f13\u5b58\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5373 SLOG \uff08\u6709\u65f6\u79f0\u4e3a ZIL--ZFS \u610f\u56fe\u65e5\u5fd7\uff09\u6765\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5f02\u6b65\u5199\u5165\u3002
\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u8c03\u6027--\u8bb8\u591a\u5185\u90e8\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u6700\u4f73\u529f\u80fd\u3002
\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u96c6\u7fa4\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u9014\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002
\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528 ZFS \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u751a\u81f3\u63a5\u8fd1 FreeBSD \u4e0e ZFS \u7684\u96c6\u6210\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002

\u542f\u52a8\u73af\u5883
\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0e ZFS \u7684\u7d27\u5bc6\u96c6\u6210\uff0cFreeBSD \u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u5f15\u5bfc\u73af\u5883\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u542f\u52a8\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u591a\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u73af\u5883\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u514b\u9686\u6216\u5feb\u7167\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u542f\u52a8\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u9632\u5f39\u5347\u7ea7\u6216\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fc3\u7834\u574f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u603b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u6eda\u3002
\u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u65b0\u7684 ZFS \u5f15\u5bfc\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u66f4\u65b0 FreeBSD \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u63a5\u89e6\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 FreeBSD Jail \u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5347\u7ea7\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u60a8\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 ZFS \u5f15\u5bfc\u73af\u5883\u590d\u5236\u6216\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u3002
FreeBSD \u7684 bectl \u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u60a8\u8f7b\u677e\u7ba1\u7406\u542f\u52a8\u73af\u5883\u3002

BSD \u542f\u52a8
FreeBSD \u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 BSD \u98ce\u683c\u7684 init \u3002
\u5728 BSD \u98ce\u683c\u7684 init \u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 /etc/inittab \u3002\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u662f\u7531 rc \u811a\u672c\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u3002
\u5728 /etc/rc.d/\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7684\u811a\u672c\u662f\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u670d\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 cron \u3001sshd \u3001syslog \u7b49\u3002\u800c /usr/local/etc/rc.d/\u4e2d\u7684\u811a\u672c\u5219\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c \u4f8b\u5982 NGINX \u6216 Postfix \u3002
\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c \u7531\u4e8e FreeBSD \u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u800c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c \u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff0c \u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u88ab\u5b89\u88c5\u5728 /usr/local/ \u4e0b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8e /usr/local/bin/\uff0c\u800c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5219\u4f4d\u4e8e /usr/local/etc/\u3002
\u5728 BSD \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728 /etc/rc.conf \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u670d\u52a1\u6761\u76ee\u6765\u542f\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f4d\u4e8e /etc/defaults/rc.conf \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f1a\u88ab /etc/rc.conf \u4e2d\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6240\u8986\u76d6\u3002
\u4e0b\u9762\u7684 /etc/rc.conf \u4e2d\u7684\u6761\u76ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u7528 sshd \u3002

sshd_enable=\"YES\"
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u3002

# service sshd enable
\u8fd9\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u8f91 /etc/rc.conf \u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u6761\u76ee\u3002

\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u624b\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff1a # service sshd start

# service sshd start
\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u542f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u4ecd\u7136\u60f3\u542f\u52a8\u5b83\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u542f\u52a8\u5b83\u3002

# service sshd onestart
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e0a\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e init \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002

jail
FreeBSD Jails \u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u58ee\u4e3e\u3002
\u5728 2000 \u5e74 3 \u6708 14 \u65e5\u7684 4.0 \u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0cFreeBSD \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 jails \u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
FreeBSD jail \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5316\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a FreeBSD \u884d\u751f\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8ff7\u4f60\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a jails \u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 jail \u4e2d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5171\u4eab\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5185\u6838\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f00\u9500\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u3002
\u5bf9 FreeBSD jails \u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u5171\u4eab\u73af\u5883\u4e3b\u673a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546 (R&D Associates, Inc.\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0cDerrick T. Woolworth)\u7684\u613f\u671b\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e72\u51c0\u3001\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff08\u7531 Poul-Henning Kamp \u5f00\u53d1\uff09\u4e0d\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u5c42\u65b0\u7684\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u95e8\u522b\u7c7b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5206\u95e8\u522b\u7c7b\u3002
\u901a\u8fc7 jail\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u5404\u79cd\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8bd5\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 jail \u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u6216\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u914d\u7f6e\u7684 web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5305\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e jail \u9650\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ed\u5c0f\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6216\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u662f jail \u5185\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6240\u505a\u7684\uff09\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5371\u5bb3\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5728 jail \u5916\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\"\u53d8\u5316 \"\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5220\u9664 jail \u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u526f\u672c\u800c\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u3002
\u7136\u800c FreeBSD jail \u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5316\uff1b \u5b83\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u865a\u62df\u673a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u3002
FreeBSD jail \u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a jail \u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206(\u5176\u4ed6 jail \u548c\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf)\u662f\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u3002
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3 FreeBSD jail \u548c Linux \u5bb9\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u8bf7\u9605\u8bfb\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0 Setting the Record Straight: containers vs. Zones vs. Jails vs. VMs \u3002
FreeBSD \u6709 iocage \u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u6765\u7b80\u5316 jail \u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u8fd0\u884c VNET \u6216\u5171\u4eab IP \u7f51\u7edc\u7684 ZFS \u652f\u6301\u7684 jail \u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3002

Bastille
Bastille \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u81ea\u52a8\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002
Bastille \u4f7f\u7528 FreeBSD jails \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u6a21\u677f\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e Docker \u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u8f6f\u4ef6\u96c6\u5408\u3002
\u6a21\u677f\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u542f\u7528\u548c\u542f\u52a8\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u5806\u6808\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002

Capsicum
Capsicum \u662f\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c99\u76d2\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86 Google \u3001FreeBSD \u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u548c DARPA \u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002Capsicum \u6269\u5c55\u4e86 POSIX API\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u57fa\u5143\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u7c7b\u4f3c UNIX \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u80fd\u529b\u5b89\u5168\u3002
Capabilities - \u5177\u6709\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7cbe\u70bc\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
\u80fd\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f--\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5168\u5c40\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c99\u76d2\u3002
\u6d41\u7a0b\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26--\u4ee5\u80fd\u529b\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b ID \u66ff\u6362
\u533f\u540d\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u8c61--POSIX \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58 API \u7684\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u533f\u540d\u4ea4\u6362\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u80fd\u529b\uff09\u3002
rtld-elf-cap - \u4fee\u6539 ELF \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u6c99\u76d2\u5e94\u7528\u3002
libcapsicum - \u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u6c99\u76d2\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u5e93\u3002
libuserangel - \u5141\u8bb8\u6c99\u76d2\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u5929\u4f7f\uff08\u5982 Power Boxes \uff09\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5e93\u3002
chromium-capsicum - Google \u7684 Chromium \u7f51\u9875\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u6765\u4e3a\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u6e32\u67d3\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6c99\u76d2\u3002
Capsicum \u7684 FreeBSD \u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7531 Robert Watson \u548c Jonathan Anderson \u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5728 FreeBSD 10.0 \u4e2d\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\u3002Capsicum for FreeBSD \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u8003\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a Capsicum API \u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u53c2\u8003\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u4e3a\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5e73\u53f0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8d77\u70b9\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801 (\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCapsicum for Linux \u548c Capsicum for DragonFlyBSD)\u3002

DTrace
DTrace \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece Solaris \u79fb\u690d\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u52a8\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6846\u67b6\u3002DTrace \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\u7b80\u660e\u627c\u8981\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u6709\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u95ee\u9898\u3002
DTrace \u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u6982\u89c8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u91cf\u3001CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6e90\u3002DTrace \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u8c03\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868\u3002
\u6709\u5173 DTrace \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 DTrace \u5355\u884c\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u548c DTrace \u793a\u4f8b\u3002
\u5728 Hacker News \u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e DTrace for Linux \u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002

bhyve
bhyve \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u751f\u7684 FreeBSD \u865a\u62df\u673a\u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u5ba2\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u865a\u62df CPU \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u5ba2\u4f53\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c I/O \u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u53c2\u6570\u3002
bhyve \u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u5ba2\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5316\uff0c\u5305\u62ec FreeBSD 9+\u3001OpenBSD \u3001NetBSD \u3001Linux \u3001illumos \u3001DragonFly \u3001Windows Vista \u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\u548c Windows Server 2008 \u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e8\u5728\u6269\u5927\u5bf9 x86-64 \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002
bhyve \u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728 FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE \u4e2d\u6210\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002
bhyve \u8981\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u5668\u652f\u6301 Intel Extended Page Tables (EPT) \u6216 AMD Rapid Virtualization Indexing (RVI) \u6216 Nested Page Tables (NPT)\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a vCPU \u7684 Linux \u5ba2\u5ea7\u6216 FreeBSD \u5ba2\u5ea7\uff0c\u9700\u8981 VMX \u65e0\u9650\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\u652f\u6301\uff08 UG \uff09\u3002\u8f83\u65b0\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u9177\u777f i3/i5/i7 \u548c\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u81f3\u5f3a E3/E5/E7\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u3002UG \u652f\u6301\u662f\u968f\u7740\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u7684 Westmere \u5fae\u67b6\u6784\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u3002

\u9632\u706b\u5899
FreeBSD \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002PF, IPFW, \u548c IPFILTER, \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f IPF.
\u4ece FreeBSD 5.3 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0cOpenBSD \u7684 PF \u9632\u706b\u5899\u88ab\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002PF \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u3001\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u652f\u6301 ALTQ (Alternate Queuing)\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf (QoS)\u3002PF \u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e IPF \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\uff08 NAT \uff09\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\uff08 QoS \uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u96c6\u6210\u5230 PF \u4e2d\uff0cQoS \u901a\u8fc7\u5bfc\u5165 ALTQ \u6392\u961f\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e PF \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6269\u5c55\u4e86 PF \u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u7528\u4e8e\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\u548c\u5197\u4f59\u7684 pfsync \u548c CARP\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684 authpf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u7f13\u89e3\u9632\u706b\u5899\u56f0\u96be\u7684 FTP \u534f\u8bae\u7684 ftp-proxy \u7b49\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0cPF \u8fd8\u652f\u6301 SMP \uff08\u5bf9\u79f0\u591a\u5904\u7406\uff09&STO \uff08\u72b6\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u9009\u9879\uff09\u3002
PF \u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u521b\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002PF \u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 pf.conf \u4e2d\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7531 PF \u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a pflog \u7684\u4f2a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u5982 tcpdump \uff09\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u3002
IPFW \u662f\u4e3a FreeBSD \u7f16\u5199\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301 IPv4 \u548c IPv6 \u3002\u5b83\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a \u5185\u6838\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219\u5904\u7406\u5668\u53ca\u5176\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7edf\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5de5\u5177\u3001NAT \u3001dummynet \u6d41\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u8f6c\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u6865\u63a5\u5de5\u5177\u548c ipstealth \u5de5\u5177\u3002
FreeBSD \u5728 /etc/rc.firewall \u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u65b0\u624b\u7528\u6237\u751f\u6210\u5408\u9002\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u3002IPFW \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u5236\u4f5c\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u73af\u5883\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u3002
IPF \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec FreeBSD \u3001NetBSD \u3001OpenBSD \u548c Solaris \u3002IPF \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u4fa7\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c NAT \u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u6237\u56fd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 ipf \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6216\u5220\u9664\uff0cNAT \u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 ipnat \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6216\u5220\u9664\uff0cIPF \u5185\u6838\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7edf\u8ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 ipfstat \u6253\u5370\uff0cipmon \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5c06 IPF \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002
IPF \u6700\u521d\u662f\u91c7\u7528 \"\u6700\u540e\u5339\u914d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u83b7\u80dc \"\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u7f16\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0cIPF \u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u548c\u4fdd\u6301\u72b6\u6001\u9009\u9879\u3002

\u8c03\u6574
FreeBSD \u6709\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e94\u767e\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 sysctl \u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684 FreeBSD \u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec TCP/IP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879\u3002\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u8bb8\u591a TCP/IP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002

GEOM
FreeBSD GEOM \u662f FreeBSD \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u3002GEOM \u662f\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8 GEOM \u6a21\u5757\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cgeom_mirror \u6a21\u5757\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 RAID1 \u6216\u955c\u50cf\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14 FreeBSD \u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e5f\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u79ef\u6781\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002
\u7531\u4e8e GEOM \u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u5806\u53e0\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a GEOM \u5c42\u94fe\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728 geom_mirror \u6a21\u5757\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a0\u5bc6\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5982 geom_eli \u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u5377\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u6709\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u3002\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u662f geom \u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6e90\u5934\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u5316\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u76d8\u3002geom \u6a21\u5757\u53c8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5176\u4ed6 GEOM \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u94fe\u3002

Linux \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u517c\u5bb9\u6027
FreeBSD \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0e Linux \u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u517c\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 FreeBSD \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u8bb8\u591a Linux \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c \u800c\u65e0\u9700\u9996\u5148\u4fee\u6539\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cLinux \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u66f4\u597d\u3002
\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709 Linux \u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u80fd\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c Linux \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528 i386 \u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u542f\u7528\u865a\u62df 8086 \u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002

\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5ba1\u8ba1
FreeBSD \u5305\u542b\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5ba1\u8ba1\u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u7cbe\u7ec6\u548c\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u66f4\u6539\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u4e8b\u540e\u5206\u6790\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u3002FreeBSD \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 Sun \u53d1\u5e03\u7684 Basic Security Module (BSM) \u5e94\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3 (API) \u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c \u5e76\u53ef\u4e0e Solaris \u548c MacOS \u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002

\u6700\u540e\u8bf4\u660e
\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8be6\u5c3d\u5730\u5217\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528 FreeBSD \u800c\u4e0d\u662f GNU/Linux \u7684\u6280\u672f\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u53ca\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6700\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u3002
\u9664\u975e\u60a8\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5f53\u60a8\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u7ba1\u7406 FreeBSD \u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u611f\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u611f\u548c\u548c\u8c10\u611f\u3002
\u60a8\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 FreeBSD \u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u786c\u4ef6\u652f\u6301\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u975e\u5e38\u4ee5 Linux \u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u540e\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0e\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cMozilla \u5f00\u53d1 Firefox \u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f Linux \u3001OSX \u548c Windows \u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a Tier-1 \u5e73\u53f0\u3002FreeBSD \u3001OpenBSD \u3001NetBSD \u548c Solaris \u4f5c\u4e3a Tier-3 \u5e73\u53f0\u4f4d\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5e95\u90e8\u3002Mozilla \u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u65e0\u6cd5\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u975e Tier-1 \u5e73\u53f0\u6216\u6784\u5efa\u73af\u5883\u3002\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ece mozilla-central \u4e3a\u975e Tier-1 \u5e73\u53f0\u6784\u5efa\u7684 Firefox \u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u6216\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6784\u5efa\u3002Tier-3 \u5e73\u53f0\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u62a4\u8005\u6216\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0d\u53d7 Mozilla \u7684\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0cMozilla \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4f8b\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002
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\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a https://unixsheikh.com/index.html" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/738367", "date_modified": "2020-12-23T11:12:07+00:00", "content_html": "\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cGNU/Linux \u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u5f97\u4e00\u56e2\u7cdf\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5206\u6563\u6027\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u7684\u81c3\u80bf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5546\u4e1a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u73a9\u5f04\u3002\u4ece GNU/Linux \u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 BSD \u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c2\u70b9\u6027\u7684\u5520\u53e8\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u3002

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\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u5df2\u7ecf\u51b3\u5b9a\uff08\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u9690\u79c1\u9009\u62e9\u9000\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0 systemd \u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6 init \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bb8\u591a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4f9d\u8d56 systemd\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u6b63\u5728\u5411\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u6b63\u5728\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u573a\u8270\u82e6\u7684\u6218\u6597\u3002
\u6211\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1 GNU/Linux \u7684\u672a\u6765\u4f1a\u50cf\u8fc7\u53bb\u90a3\u6837\u5149\u660e\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff08\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff09\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u66f4\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 BSD \u9879\u76ee\u3002

Linux \u662f\u788e\u7247\u5316\u7684
1983 \u5e74\uff0cRichard Stallman \u5728\u4e00\u6761 Usenet \u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\u5ba3\u5e03\u4ed6\u6253\u7b97\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3a GNU \u9879\u76ee\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u5230 1987 \u5e74 6 \u6708\uff0c\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u5df2\u7ecf\u79ef\u7d2f\u5e76\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u5f00\u6e90\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u51e0\u4e4e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u4f18\u5316 C \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff08 GCC \uff09\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff08 GNU Emacs \uff09\u548c\u5404\u79cd Unix \u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982 ls \u3001grep \u3001awk \u3001make \u548c ld \u3002
1991 \u5e74\uff0c\u7531 Linus Torvalds \u5728 GNU \u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u5916\u5f00\u53d1\u7684 Linux \u5185\u6838\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u5e76\u5728 1992 \u5e74 12 \u6708\u4ee5 GNU \u901a\u7528\u516c\u5171\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u7b2c 2 \u7248\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03\u3002\u7ed3\u5408 GNU \u9879\u76ee\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a GNU/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u719f\u77e5\u7684 \"Linux\"\u3002
\u63a5\u7740\uff0cLinux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u5c06 Linux \u5185\u6838\u3001GNU \u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e93\u3001\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u6587\u6863\u3001X \u7a97\u53e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u548c\u684c\u9762\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5230\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u684c\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7684\u8bd5\u56fe\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7528\u9014\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u5f00\u6e90\u7231\u597d\u8005\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u7f16\u7a0b\u548c\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u662f\u9a71\u52a8\u529b\u3002
\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e86\u3002
Linus Torvalds \u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u660e\u786e\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e76\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3 \"Linux \u4e16\u754c \"\u91cc\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u30022020 \u5e74 1 \u6708 6 \u65e5\uff0c\u5728 realworldtech.com \u7684 \"\u4e3b\u6301\u8ba8\u8bba \"\u8bba\u575b\u4e0a\uff0cLinus Torvalds \u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u4ee4\u4eba\u77a0\u76ee\u7ed3\u820c\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u56de\u7b54\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4e00\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86 ZFS on Linux \u9879\u76ee\u3002
\u5728\u56de\u7b54\u5b8c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u540e\uff0cTorvalds \u53c8\u5bf9 ZFS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u9519\u8bef\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u7834\u574f\u6027\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002Torvalds \u8bf4
\u5b83(ZFS)\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u8bed\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u3002
Linus Torvalds \u5c06 15 \u5e74\u6765\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u548c\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u7f29\u51cf\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a \"\u6d41\u884c\u8bed\"\u3002
ZFS \u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a \"\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\"\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7531 Sun Microsystems \u516c\u53f8\u6700\u521d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u5377\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002ZFS \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u9762\u5411\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u9ad8\u5b58\u50a8\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u6700\u5927 16Exabyte \u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u6700\u5927 256Quadrillion Zettabytes \u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff09\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u6ca1\u6709\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u5feb\u7167\u548c\u5199\u540e\u590d\u5236\u514b\u9686\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u4fee\u590d\uff0cRAID-Z\uff0c\u539f\u751f NFSv4 ACL\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u914d\u7f6e\u3002
Oracle \u548c OpenZFS \u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u6781\u4e3a\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97 ZFS \u5728\u7c7b\u4f3c Unix \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\u6b63\u5982\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff0cOpenZFS \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1e\u5f62\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528 ZFS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u516c\u53f8\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9 ZFS \u4ee5\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u3002OpenZFS \u6c47\u96c6\u4e86\u6765\u81ea illumos \u3001Linux \u3001FreeBSD \u548c macOS \u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u76ee\u6807\u5305\u62ec\u63d0\u9ad8\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9 ZFS \u5f00\u6e90\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u5c31\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684 ZFS \u5f00\u6e90\u53d8\u4f53\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u884c\u516c\u5f00\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709 ZFS \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u8bf4\u7684 \"Linux \u662f\u788e\u7247\u5316\u7684 \"harryruhr \u5199\u9053\u3002
\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u3002\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u7684 BSD \u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u30023 \u4e2a \"\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 \"BSD - FreeBSD, NetBSD \u548c OpenBSD - \u5355\u5355\u5728\u6280\u672f\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u4e0a\u5c31\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b \"\u65b0 \"\u7684 BSD \u5206\u53c9\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 Dragonfly \u3001MidnightBSD \u3001HardenedBSD \u7b49\u7b49\u3002Distrowatch.com \u5217\u51fa\u4e86 18 \u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 BSD \"\u53d1\u884c\u7248\"\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u6781\u529b\u79f0\u8d5e\u7684 ZFS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ea\u6709 FreeBSD \u548c\u8fd1\u4eb2\u624d\u6709\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e \"ZFS on Linux\"\u3002\u5b83\u5728 NetBSD \u548c OpenBSD \u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u3002
Linux \u662f\u788e\u7247\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u3001GNU \u5de5\u5177\u3001\u5e93\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7c98\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002
GNU \u9879\u76ee\u751a\u81f3\u4ece 1990 \u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5185\u6838--GNU Hurd\uff0c\u5b83\u6700\u521d\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a Unix \u5185\u6838\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u3002\u7531\u4e8e Hurd \u5185\u6838\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u6210\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u3002
BSD \u7684\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u96f6\u6563\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u6709\u5185\u6838\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5171\u4eab BSD \u5185\u6838\u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\u6811\uff0c\u5076\u5c14\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5171\u4eab\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f46\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c FreeBSD \u6216 NetBSD \u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\uff0cOpenBSD \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002
\u873b\u8713 BSD \u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002Matthew Dillon \u662f 1994 \u5e74\u5230 2003 \u5e74\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684 FreeBSD \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728 2003 \u5e74\u5206\u53c9\u4e86 FreeBSD\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a FreeBSD \u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u5bf9\u79f0\u591a\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6 FreeBSD \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u4ed6\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u4ed6\u521b\u5efa\u4e86 DragonflyBSD \u3002\u4f46 DragonflyBSD \u73b0\u5728\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u3002
\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 BSD \u9879\u76ee\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u90e8\u5206\u62fc\u51d1\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u3002
\u81f3\u4e8e MidnightBSD\uff0cHardenedBSD\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e5f\u4e0e\u788e\u7247\u5316\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e FreeBSD \u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728 FreeBSD \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ed9\u5185\u6838\u6253\u4e86\u8865\u4e01\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u788e\u7247\u5316\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb\u3002
\u5982\u679c BSD \u9879\u76ee\u5e94\u8be5\u50cf GNU/Linux \u4e00\u6837\u88ab\u788e\u7247\u5316\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 BSD \u5185\u6838\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6765\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u800c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6765\u5f00\u53d1\u3002
\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f GNU/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c BSD \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u788e\u7247\u5316\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002
FreeBSD \u6216 NetBSD \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u57fa\u7840\u5b89\u88c5\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u4e49\u3002
\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709 \"\u7528\u6237\u533a \"\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f GNU/Linux \u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002
\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6211\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u63d0\u5230 GNU/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u788e\u7247\u5316\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u662f\u60f3\u6307\u51fa\u8fd9\u79cd\u788e\u7247\u5316\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u788e\u7247\u5316\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u5f80\u5f80\u6709\u5229\u76ca\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5b89\u88c5\u5de5\u5177\u6700\u591a\u3002

OpenZFS on Linux\uff0c\u662f\u9879\u76ee\u7684 Linux \u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6709 345 \u4e2a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u8005\uff0c\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7 5600 \u4e2a\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u6709\u63d0\u4ea4\uff01\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684 CDN \u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u670d\u52a1\u5728 FreeBSD \u6216 Linux \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c ZFS \u3002
\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684 CDN \u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u5728 FreeBSD \u6216 Linux \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c ZFS \u3002
\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cLinus Torvalds \u5728 TFiR: Open Source and Emerging Tech YouTube \u9891\u9053\u4e0a\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u5173\u4e8e\u684c\u9762\u4e0a\u7684 Linux \u7684\u91c7\u8bbf\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u91c7\u8bbf\u4e2d\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4 Linux \u4ecd\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u4e3a\u684c\u9762\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8 Chrome OS \u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u3002
Linus Torvalds \u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bb8\u591a\u8a00\u8bba\u8868\u660e\uff0cTorvalds \u5e94\u8be5\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u53d1\u8868\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8a00\u8bba\u4e5f\u8868\u660e Linux \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u662f\u4e0e Linux \u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u9694\u79bb\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002
Linus Torvalds \u666e\u904d\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u5f71\u54cd\u975e\u5e38\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4ee4\u4eba\u62c5\u5fe7\u3002
2009 \u5e74\uff0cLinus Torvalds \u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u6b63\u5728\u5931\u53bb\u63a7\u5236\u3002
\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u53d8\u5f97\u81c3\u80bf\u548c\u5e9e\u5927\u3002\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898......\u3002\u6211\u5f88\u60f3\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u5212... ... \u6211\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u662f 15 \u5e74\u524d\u6211\u6240\u8bbe\u60f3\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u7cbe\u7b80\u3001\u5c0f\u5de7\u3001\u8d85\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u8fd9\u8ba9\u4eba\u6709\u70b9\u96be\u8fc7......\u3002\u5185\u6838\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u800c\u81c3\u80bf\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684 icache \u8db3\u8ff9\u662f\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u3002\u6211\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u7684\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u6bcf\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7cdf\u3002
\u5728 LinuxCon 2014 \u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81c3\u80bf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3 PC \u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u4e86\u5f88\u591a!
\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684 20 \u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u81a8\u80c0\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u4f46\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\u5374\u66f4\u5feb\u3002
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\u5728 2007 \u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u91c7\u8bbf \"\u6211\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8f9e\u804c\"\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u8005 Con Kolivas \u4ed6\u8868\u793a\u3002
\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u548c Linux \u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8bdd \u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u8131\u8282 \u4f60\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u6784\u6210 Linux \u7528\u6237\u7fa4 99.9%\u7684\u4eba\u3002Linux \u5185\u6838\u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u662f\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8bf4\u53e5\u4e0d\u5ba2\u6c14\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868(lkml)\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u8bba\u575b\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u7edd\u5bf9\u5bb3\u6015\u5728\u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u53d1\u5e16\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4ed6\u4eec\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u62a5\u544a\u3001\u611a\u8822\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\u800c\u88ab\u9a82\u3002... \u6211\u60f3\u5e7f\u5927\u7684\u5185\u6838\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8fd8\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u591a\u5927\u3002
\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f Linux \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u7531\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5e94\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u770b\u770b\u300a\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa Linux \u300b\u3002
\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u5c55\u793a\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u597d\u8bfb\u7269\u662f Linux \u7ef4\u62a4 bug \u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u3002Linux \u4e0a ifconfig \u88ab\u5e9f\u5f03\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u539f\u56e0\u3002
\u8fd9\u4e0e BSD \u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5404\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f FreeBSD \u3001OpenBSD \u3001NetBSD \u548c DragonFly BSD\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f \"\u5185\u90e8 \"\u7ec4\u88c5\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5185\u6838\u3001\u6807\u51c6 C \u5e93\u3001\u7528\u6237\u5730\u5de5\u5177\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u5806\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8d44\u6e90\u62fc\u51d1\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002

Linux \u5df2\u88ab\u52ab\u6301
\u4e00\u4e2a Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u7fa4\u4f53\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e GNU/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u788e\u7247\u5316\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5728\u88ab\u5546\u4e1a\u5229\u76ca\u63a8\u6765\u63a8\u53bb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fc5\u901f\u5931\u63a7\u3002
\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684 GNU/Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u5982 Debian GNU/Linux \u548c Arch Linux\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7531\u5f00\u6e90\u7231\u597d\u8005\u63a8\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e78\u514d\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u4e25\u91cd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u788e\u7247\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002
\u5728\u6211\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u300a systemd \u80cc\u540e\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u52a8\u673a\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u66fe\u7ecf\u5199\u8fc7\u5f00\u53d1 systemd \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u7ea2\u5e3d\u5bf9\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u6700\u521d systemd \u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 init \u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u6162\u6162\u6210\u957f\u4e3a Poettering \u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684 \"\u4e00\u5957\u4e3a Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u672c\u6784\u4ef6\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\"\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5de7\u5408\u3002
\u5728\u5bf9 Red Had \u9996\u5e2d\u6267\u884c\u5b98 Jim Whitehurst \u7684\u91c7\u8bbf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8868\u793a\u3002
\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u5382\u5546\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u7535\u4fe1\u548c\u6c7d\u8f66\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u662f\u9996\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u9002\u5e94 systemd \u3002
\u6211\u5e76\u4e0d\u53cd\u5bf9 systemd \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u559c\u6b22\u5b83\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u559c\u6b22\u5b83\u9644\u5e26\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46 systemd \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u5982 Debian GNU/Linux \u548c Arch Linux\uff0c\u91c7\u7528 systemd\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u4e25\u91cd\u4f9d\u8d56 systemd \u3002
\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9 Linux \u4e16\u754c\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u662f Google \u3002Google \u5f00\u53d1\u4e86 Android \u548c Chrome OS\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e Linux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002Chrome OS \u6e90\u4e8e Chromium OS\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 Google Chrome \u7f51\u7edc\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u3002
Chrome OS \u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u5fae\u8f6f\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u5fae\u8f6f Windows \u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u6587\u5b57\u5904\u7406\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u95f4\u63a5\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5219\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 Chrome OS \u5bf9\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f Chrome OS \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u975e\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56 Googles \u7684\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002
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\u5728 2019 \u5e74 8 \u6708\u7684 YouTube \u89c6\u9891\u4e2d\uff0c\u83b1\u7eb3\u65af-\u585e\u5df4\u65af\u8482\u5b89\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u8ddf\u8e2a\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u4f60\u641c\u7d22\u4ea7\u54c1\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8be5\u89c6\u9891\u7531 Private Internet Access \u8d5e\u52a9\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u540e\u6765\u88ab Kape Technologies \u6536\u8d2d\uff0c\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u5351\u9119\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 Private Internet Access!
Cloudflare \u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u5bb6\u5f71\u54cd Linux \u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u7f51\u7edc\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u548c\u7f51\u7ad9\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u8be5\u516c\u53f8\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5750\u5728\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u548c Cloudflare \u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5145\u5f53\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 Cloudflare \u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6700\u5927\u7684\u764c\u75c7\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002
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\u4f5c\u8005\u8bf4\uff1a\"BSD \u9879\u76ee\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5185\u6838\" \u7684\u786e\uff0cBSD \u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7528\u6237\u56fd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4f46 BSD \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u5e26\u591a\u5c11 \"\u7528\u6237\u56fd\u5ea6\"\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u662f\u7531 BSD \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6700\u4f4e\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u548c Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 FreeBSD \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u751a\u81f3\u6ca1\u6709 Xorg\uff0c \u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528 \"pkg install xorg\" \u4ece\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c11\u89c1\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u96c6\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u4ece\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002
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\u60a8\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u9879\u76ee\u7684 Xorg\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e GNU/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u788e\u7247\u5316\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u76f8\u63d0\u5e76\u8bba\u3002\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002
\u6211\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u662f\u5173\u4e8e GNU/Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 BSD \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u6bd4\u7684\u96f6\u6563\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u57fa\u7840\u5b89\u88c5\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002
harryruhr \u63a5\u7740\u8bf4\u3002
\u6700 \"\u5b8c\u6574 \"\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u786e\u5b9e\u662f OpenBSD\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u81ea\u5e26 X \uff08 Xenocara \uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u81ea\u5e26 MTA \uff08 OpenSMTPd \uff09\u548c Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08 OpenBSD httpd \uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4 OpenBSD \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b8c\u6210\u57fa\u672c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u597d\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5f53\u7136,\u9664\u4e86 xterm \u548c xcalc \u4ee5\u53ca 3 \u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\u5668(twm, fvwm \u548c cwm)\u4e4b\u5916,\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5305\u542b\u592a\u591a\u7684 \"\u56fe\u5f62 \"\u7a0b\u5e8f. \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6216\u50cf\u6837\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4ece\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u3002
OpenBSD \u4e2d\u7684 X \u3001OpenSMTPd \u3001httpd \u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u672c\u8eab\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4f60\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653e\u5230\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7559\u5728\u5916\u9762\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd OpenBSD \u5373\u4f7f\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f OpenBSD \u6bd4 FreeBSD \u66f4\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90e8\u4ef6\u4f7f OpenBSD \u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u57fa\u672c\u5b89\u88c5\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u66f4\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
OpenBSD \u9879\u76ee\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u57fa\u672c\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a OpenBSD \u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6ce8\u91cd\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u57fa\u7840\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u96c6\u6210\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u63a7\u5236\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90e8\u4ef6\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90e8\u4ef6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a OpenBSD \u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002

\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u95ee\u9898
Linux GPL \u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e25\u683c\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u53cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5f3a\u5236\u53d1\u5e03\u6240\u6709\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u963b\u6b62\u5176\u4ed6\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 GPLv2 \u5c31\u963b\u6b62\u4e86 DDrace \u548c ZFS \u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u3002
\u800c BSD \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5236\u9020\u5546\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9 BSD \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f Linux \u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u5141\u8bb8\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\u4fdd\u7559\u7ed9\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u5728 Linux \u4e0b\uff0c\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u5f3a\u5236\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u53d1\u5e03\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3002
GPL \u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5141\u8bb8\u516c\u53f8\u7b80\u5355\u5730 \"\u7a83\u53d6 \"\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u751f\u4ea7\u95ed\u6e90\u4ea7\u54c1\u800c\u4e0d\u7ed9\u4e88\u4efb\u4f55\u56de\u62a5\u3002\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u6b64\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u8feb\u516c\u53f8\u5411\u516c\u4f17\u53d1\u5e03\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u539f\u59cb\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u8fd9\u53c8\u8ba9\u516c\u53f8\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5177\u6709\u64cd\u7eb5\u6027\u3002
\u7ea2\u5e3d\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u53d1\u5e03 systemd \u65f6\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u5c3d\u91cf\u8ba9\u66f4\u591a \"\u91cd\u8981 \"\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u9879\u76ee\u4e0e systemd \u8fdb\u884c\u975e\u5e38\u7d27\u5bc6\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f9d\u8d56 systemd \u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u9879\u76ee\u5bb9\u6613\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u8bf4\u670d\u91c7\u7528 systemd \u3002systemd \u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5411\u51e0\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u9879\u76ee\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u9080\u8bf7\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u8bf4\u670d\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u8981\u4e48\u4f9d\u8d56 systemd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 Lennart Poettering \u5728 Gnome \u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u4e0a\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca Red Hat \u5f00\u53d1\u8005 \"keszybz \"\u5728 tmux \u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u672c\u90fd\u88ab \"\u4f2a\u88c5 \"\u6210\u4e86\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5f53\u4f60\u8bfb\u5230 Gnome \u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u957f\u957f\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u5f80\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u3002
\u5728 BSD \u4e2d\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u516c\u53f8\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u4f7f\u7528 BSD \u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4ed6\u4eec\u60f3\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8bd5\u56fe\u5f71\u54cd\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0cSony \u5c31\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u52aa\u529b\u5730\u5f71\u54cd FreeBSD \u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684 PlayStation \u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 FreeBSD \u3002
\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 GNU/Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u5982 Debian GNU/Linux \u3001Arch Linux\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f53\u5e74\u7684 Red Hat Linux\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5f53\u9879\u76ee\u662f\u7531\u6fc0\u60c5\u800c\u975e\u5229\u6da6\u9a71\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u8d28\u91cf\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a Linux \u548c BSD \u603b\u662f\u4e3b\u5bfc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u57fa\u7840\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5f53\u9879\u76ee\u4e0d\u518d\u7531\u6fc0\u60c5\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u5229\u6da6\u9a71\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ee5\u5229\u6da6\u4e3a\u52a8\u529b\u548c\u4ee5\u6fc0\u60c5\u4e3a\u52a8\u529b\u662f\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5fae\u8f6f Windows \u4f5c\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u684c\u9762\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u603b\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u70c2\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002
\u5fae\u8f6f Windows \u5728\u684c\u9762\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1 Windows \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u3001\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6216 IT \u652f\u6301\u8005\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5fae\u8f6f\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u8425\u9500\u7b56\u7565\u3002
\u867d\u7136 BSD \u9879\u76ee\u786e\u5b9e\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u5076\u5c14\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u7531\u6fc0\u60c5\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5229\u6da6\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u8651\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u6709\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u5bf9\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u505a\u51fa\u59a5\u534f\u3002
\u5173\u4e8e \"BSD \u8fd8\u662f GPL \"\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u548c\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u4e00\u6837\u53e4\u8001\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u652f\u6301\u8fd8\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u597d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u5c31\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u4e0d\u5728\u4e4e\u3002\u5173\u4e8e GPL \u5bfc\u81f4\u8f6f\u4ef6\u88ab\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u60c5\u5fc3\u6240\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u3002
\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u771f\u6b63\u5173\u5fc3 \"\u81ea\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6 \"\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u53d1\u5e03\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u8bb8\u591a\u53d7\u5229\u76ca\u9a71\u4f7f\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5f53\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u64cd\u7eb5\u6027\u3002
\u6709\u4e86 BSD \u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u5c31\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f71\u54cd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u7b56\u7565\u6216\u64cd\u7eb5\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u62ff\u7740\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u505a\u5b83\u60f3\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u3002

\u662f\u65f6\u5019\u628a\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 BSD \u4e86
\u5927\u7ea6\u5728 1998-2000 \u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u628a\u5bb6\u91cc\u548c\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u684c\u9762\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u5fae\u8f6f\u7684 Windows \u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 GNU/Linux\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u662f Red Hat Linux\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u662f Debian GNU/Linux \u3002\u6211\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u82b1\u4e86\u5927\u7ea6 8 \u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u505a\u5fae\u8f6f Windows \u7684\u652f\u6301\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7edd\u5bf9\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6d6a\u8d39\u4e86\u592a\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002
\u5f53\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u597d\u670b\u53cb\u5411\u6211\u63a8\u8350 GNU/Linux \u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u5b83\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5f00\u653e\u6e90\u7801\u793e\u533a\u7684\u795e\u5947\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u4e0e Windows \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u611f\u5230\u60ca\u8bb6\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u6211\u628a\u5ba2\u6237\u3001\u5bb6\u5ead\u6210\u5458\u6216\u670b\u53cb\u7684 Windows \u8bbe\u7f6e\u66ff\u6362\u6210 Linux \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fc5\u901f\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5ba2\u6237\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u65f6\u95f4\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0a\u3002
\u7a0d\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86 BSD \u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4e5f\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a\u4e0a\u90e8\u7f72 FreeBSD \u548c OpenBSD \u3002
\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\uff0cLinux \u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u652f\u6301\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4 BSD \u8981\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528 Linux \u6bd4 BSD \u591a\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5f88\u6602\u8d35\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u60f3\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8d2d\u4e70\u786c\u4ef6\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\uff0cBSD \u901a\u5e38\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u786c\u4ef6\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002
\u6211\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7 NetBSD \u6216 DragonFly BSD\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u4e0d\u597d\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u66f4\u559c\u6b22 FreeBSD \u548c OpenBSD \u3002
\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u5f88\u559c\u6b22 Debian GNU/Linux \u548c Arch Linux\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u62c5\u5fc3 systemd \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u6709\u9690\u79c1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u62c5\u5fc3\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u7684\u81c3\u80bf\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5185\u6838\u5f3a\u5236\u9002\u5e94 DRM\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u62c5\u5fc3\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cLinux \u6b63\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5206\u6563\u6027\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u5229\u76ca\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u6405\u5c40\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 Red Hat \u7684 systemd \u3002
\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u7531\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u7406\u7531\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7406\u7531\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6280\u672f\u6027\u7684\u3002\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 \"BSD \u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c Linux \u53ea\u662f\u5185\u6838\"\uff0c\u6216\u8005 \"Linux \u662f\u7531\u5229\u76ca\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u800c BSD \u662f\u7531\u540c\u60c5\u5fc3\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\"\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\uff08\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e86\uff09\u3002
\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5168\u540c\u610f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u7406\u7531\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6280\u672f\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f8\u53cd\u3002
\u5fae\u8f6f Windows 10 \u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u786c\u4ef6\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u9690\u79c1\u95ee\u9898\u505a\u51fa\u90a3\u4e48\u5927\u7684\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6765\u5f00\u8131\u3002\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\"\u5e9f\u8bdd\u592a\u591a\"\u3002
\u6700\u8fd1\u5f3a\u884c\u91c7\u7528 DRM \u8fdb\u5165 Linux \u5185\u6838\uff0cLinus Torvalds \u51e0\u6b21\u8131\u79bb\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5bf9 Linux \u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u52a1\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u95fb\u4e0d\u95ee\uff0c\u4ed6\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u516c\u53f8\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u672a\u6765\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5e76\u4e0d\u5149\u660e\uff0c\u4ece\u9690\u79c1\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u90fd\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002
\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u60f3\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u53d1\u5e03\u65b0\u7684 Linux \u5185\u6838\u65f6\u90fd\u6253\u4e0a\u8865\u4e01\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4eba\u5bf9\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u4f1a\u635f\u5bb3\u9690\u79c1\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4f46 FreeBSD \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u4e0e\u90a3\u4e9b\u8bd5\u56fe--\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11--\"\u52ab\u6301 \"GNU/Linux \u7684\u5229\u76ca\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002


\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u9009\u62e9 FreeBSD \u800c\u4e0d\u662f Linux \u7684\u6280\u672f\u539f\u56e0

\u5e72\u51c0\u7684\u5206\u79bb
\u5728 FreeBSD \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u8c03\u4f18\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528 FreeBSD \u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u5f88\u7279\u522b\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002
\u4ece 1998 \u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570 GNU/Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u79cd \"\u4e0d\u5339\u914d \"\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002
\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0cDebian GNU/Linux \u6709 Debian \u7684\u505a\u4e8b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002Debian \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u5957\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u8865\u4e01\u6765\u4f7f\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7b26\u5408 \"Debian \u65b9\u5f0f \"\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u4f60\u5728 Debian \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e0a\u7684\u505a\u4e8b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5374\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u4e0a\u6e38\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u8ba9\u4eba\u975e\u5e38\u70e6\u607c\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0a\u6e38\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e Debian \u4e0a\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 systemd\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f3a\u884c\u6309\u7167 \"Debian \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f \"\u53bb\u505a\u3002\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u4ee5 \"Debian \u65b9\u5f0f \"\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u5219\u4e0d\u662f\u3002Debian GNU/Linux \u91c7\u7528\u4e86 systemd\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u90e8\u5206\u662f Debian \u7279\u6709\u7684\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u7981\u7528\u6216\u79fb\u9664 Debian \u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u624d\u80fd\u8ba9 systemd \u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
\u5728\u50cf Arch Linux \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 \"Arch \u65b9\u5f0f \"\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002Arch Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u5e0c\u671b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u80fd\u591f\u50cf\u4e0a\u6e38\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9664\u975e\u7edd\u5bf9\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u8fd9\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e0a\u6e38\u6587\u6863\u4e0e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u786e\u5b9e\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u8fd8\u662f\u66f4\u559c\u6b22 Arch Linux\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f Debian\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a Debian \u6709\u65f6\u51e0\u4e4e\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002
Ubuntu \u5c31\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e Debian \u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5f88\u591a Debian \u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6709 \"Ubuntu \u65b9\u5f0f\"\uff0c\u5373\u5728 Debian \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u53c8\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u5c42\uff0c\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6539\u8fdb\u5de5\u5177\u5c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u4f7f Ubuntu \u51fa\u73b0\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6545\u969c\u2014\u2014\u5373\u5185\u90e8\u9519\u8bef\u3002
\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u9a6c\u4e0a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4f60\u6240\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
\u5185\u6838\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u5206\u79bb\u7684\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u5165 /etc\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u5165 /usr/local/etc \u3002\u6240\u6709\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u6574\u6216\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u5728 man \u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002
\u4f60\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4ece rc \u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u88ab init \u8c03\u7528\u540e\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u811a\u672c\uff09\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u518d\u5230 sysctl \u5185\u6838\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5f88\u597d\u3002
\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3a FreeBSD \u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u5806\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u88ab\u7c98\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u8003\u8651\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u5468\u5168\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u591a\u5e74\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u4e8b\u60c5\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6765\u81ea\u771f\u5b9e\u4f7f\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\u548c\u884c\u4e1a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u3002
\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u9605\u8bfb Michael W. Lucas \u7684\u300a Absolute FreeBSD \u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e66\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u6293\u4f4f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u60c5\u4f1a\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002

\u6587\u6863
\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6587\u6863\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u67d0\u9879\u6280\u672f /\u5de5\u5177\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u6587\u6863\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b83\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u3001\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u548c\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a Bug \u3002
FreeBSD \u7684\u6587\u6863\u662f\u968f\u7cfb\u7edf\u9644\u5e26\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 handbook \u624b\u518c\u8d28\u91cf\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a FreeBSD \u7f16\u5199\u7684\u3002\u60a8\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002
FreeBSD \u4e5f\u6709 FreeBSD \u624b\u518c\uff0c\u5b83\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86 FreeBSD \u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u9700\u3002FreeBSD \u624b\u518c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u672c\u5730\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u624b\u518c\u5076\u5c14\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u6301\u7eed\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5199\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\u3002

\u5b89\u5168
\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u88ab\u5165\u4fb5\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u88ab\u5165\u4fb5\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4fdd\u62a4\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u610f\u5473\u7740\u60a8\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u53ea\u88ab\u6388\u6743\u7684\u4eba\u7528\u4e8e\u6388\u6743\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002
FreeBSD \u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ea2\u51fa\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\uff0cFreeBSD \u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u9009\u9879\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u514d\u53d7\u653b\u51fb\u3002
\u6211\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4efd\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u9009\u9879\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a FreeBSD \u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4e3b\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5199\u6ee1\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u4e86\u89e3 FreeBSD \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u5f3a\u70c8\u63a8\u8350 Michael W. Lucas \u7684\u300a Absolute FreeBSD \u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u3002
\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u63d0\u51e0\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002

\u5728\u5b89\u88c5 FreeBSD \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u7528\u6216\u7981\u7528\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002

\u9690\u85cf\u5176\u4ed6 UID \u8fdb\u7a0b
\u9690\u85cf\u5176\u4ed6 GID \u8fdb\u7a0b
\u9690\u533f\u5df2\u88ab\u56da\u7981\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b
\u9690\u85cf\u4fe1\u606f\u7f13\u51b2\u533a
\u7981\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u8bd5
\u968f\u673a\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b ID
\u7981\u7528 syslogd \u7f51\u7edc
\u7981\u7528 Sendmail
\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u53f0
\u975e\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u5806\u6808\u548c\u5806\u6808\u4fdd\u62a4
\u5927\u591a\u6570 FreeBSD \u7684\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 security.bsd sysctl \u6811\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6bcf\u9694\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u6765\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c sysctl -d security.bsd \u6765\u663e\u793a\u60a8\u7684 FreeBSD \u5b89\u88c5\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u9009\u9879\u3002
# sysctl -d security.bsd
security.bsd: BSD security policy
security.bsd.stack_guard_page: Specifies the number of guard pages for a stack that grows
security.bsd.unprivileged_get_quota: Unprivileged processes may retrieve quotas for other uids and gids
security.bsd.hardlink_check_gid: Unprivileged processes cannot create hard links to files owned by other groups
security.bsd.hardlink_check_uid: Unprivileged processes cannot create hard links to files owned by other users
security.bsd.unprivileged_idprio: Allow non-root users to set an idle priority
security.bsd.unprivileged_proc_debug: Unprivileged processes may use process debugging facilities
security.bsd.conservative_signals: Unprivileged processes prevented from sending certain signals to processes whose credentials have changed
security.bsd.see_jail_proc: Unprivileged processes may see subjects/objects with different jail ids
security.bsd.see_other_gids: Unprivileged processes may see subjects/objects with different real gid
security.bsd.see_other_uids: Unprivileged processes may see subjects/objects with different real uid
security.bsd.unprivileged_read_msgbuf: Unprivileged processes may read the kernel message buffer
security.bsd.unprivileged_mlock: Allow non-root users to call mlock(2)
security.bsd.suser_enabled: processes with uid 0 have privilege
security.bsd.map_at_zero: Permit processes to map an object at virtual address 0.

\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7edf\u8ba1
\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a FreeBSD \u548c Linux \u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5217\u8868\u3002FreeBSD \u4e0a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u6570\u91cf\u666e\u904d\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u5473\u7740 FreeBSD \u6bd4 Linux \u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a Linux \u4e0a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002
+---------+---------+-------+
| Year | FreeBSD | Linux |
+---------|---------|-------+
| 1999 | 18 | 19 |
| 2000 | 27 | 5 |
| 2001 | 36 | 22 |
| 2002 | 31 | 15 |
| 2003 | 14 | 19 |
| 2004 | 15 | 51 |
| 2005 | 17 | 133 |
| 2006 | 27 | 90 |
| 2007 | 9 | 62 |
| 2008 | 15 | 71 |
| 2009 | 11 | 102 |
| 2010 | 8 | 123 |
| 2011 | 10 | 83 |
| 2012 | 10 | 115 |
| 2013 | 13 | 189 |
| 2014 | 18 | 130 |
| 2015 | 6 | 86 |
| 2016 | 6 | 217 |
| 2017 | 23 | 454 |
| 2018 | 29 | 177 |
| 2019 | 18 | 170 |
|---------|---------|-------|
| Total | 361 | 2333 |
+---------+---------+-------+
\u6709\u5173\u7279\u5b9a\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b FreeBSD \u548c Linux \u7684 CVE \u8be6\u60c5\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002

\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027
FreeBSD \u6709\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u7ba1\u7406\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002FreeBSD \u4ece\u6784\u601d\u5230\u516c\u5f00\u53d1\u5e03\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002
\u5f53\u6709\u4eba\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5b83\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u540c\u884c\u5ba1\u67e5\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5b83\u8fdb\u5165 \"CURRENT\"\u5206\u652f\u8fdb\u884c\u7efc\u5408\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u590d\u6742\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6216\u6f5c\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8c03\u6574\u8fdb\u5165\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5b83\u8fdb\u5165 \"STABLE\"\u5206\u652f\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7fa4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7248\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u793e\u533a\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u8fdb\u5165\u53d1\u5e03\u5019\u9009\u7248\u672c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6301\u7eed 3 \u8f6e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002
\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u53d1\u5e03\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u76f8\u4fe1\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002
\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u8865\u4e01\u53d1\u5e03\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fee\u590d\u4efb\u4f55\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u3002
\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f FreeBSD \u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002

Ports
FreeBSD Ports \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u58ee\u4e3e\u3002NetBSD \u7684 pkgsrc (package source) \u548c OpenBSD \u7684 ports collection \u90fd\u6e90\u4e8e FreeBSD ports \u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
\u901a\u5e38\u5f53\u60a8\u5728 Unix \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u627e\u5230\u5e76\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u540e\u89e3\u538b\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u538b\u7f29\u7684 tar \u5305\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5728 INSTALL \u3001README \u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u6587\u6863\uff0c \u5e76\u9605\u8bfb\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f\u4ee5\u6e90\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b83\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7f16\u8f91\u4e00\u4e2a Makefile \u6216\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a configure \u811a\u672c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\uff0c \u5219\u9700\u8981\u5148\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u3002
FreeBSD ports Collection \u4f7f\u7528 Makefile \u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001 \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5378\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c \u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 make \u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u7ec4\u6210 port \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c \u4ee5\u4fbf\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3001 \u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u3001 \u6253\u8865\u4e01\u3001 \u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c \u800c\u5728 ports \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf8\u5982 make install \u6216 make install clean \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c \u7528\u6237\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u5e72\u9884 (\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8bdd)\u3002\u5982\u679c port \u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u5176\u5b83\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u5e93\uff0c \u5219\u4f1a\u4e8b\u5148\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u88c5\u3002
\u5927\u591a\u6570 port \u90fd\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u9009\u9879\uff0c \u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9002\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c \u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f ports \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c \u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u524d\u4f7f\u7528 make config \u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5f39\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u754c\u9762\uff0c \u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u9009\u62e9\u6240\u9700\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002
\u5728\u5199\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7 38487 \u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53ef\u7528
\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cports \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u9884\u7f16\u8bd1\u5305\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\uff0c \u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 FreeBSD pkg - Binary Package Management \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u9884\u5148\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684 port \u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a \"package\"\u3002
FreeBSD \u9879\u76ee\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u8054\u7f16\u573a\uff0c \u5176\u4e2d\u8054\u7f16\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u652f\u6301\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u8054\u7f16\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u5df2\u77e5\u9519\u8bef\uff0c \u800c\u6bcf\u5468\u7684\u8054\u7f16\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u5b58\u6863\u83b7\u5f97\u3002

\u6eda\u52a8\u53d1\u884c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305
\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u60a8\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u652f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb \"quarterly\"\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb \"latest\"\u3002
Quarterly \u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u5e74 1 \u6708\u30014 \u6708\u30017 \u6708\u548c 10 \u6708\u7684\u5b63\u5ea6\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\uff0c \u4ece\u4fee\u8ba2\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684 HEAD \u5206\u652f\u4e2d\u5207\u5272\u51fa\u6765\u7684 Ports \u5206\u652f\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c \u4e5f\u662f\u7531\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u652f\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002
Quarterly \u5206\u652f\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684 ports \u548c\u5305\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5347\u7ea7\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u8fd9\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u975e\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u65b0\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u5b63\u5ea6\u5206\u652f\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u5b89\u5168\u4fee\u590d\uff0c \u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u7248\u672c\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c \u6216\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u56de\u6eaf\uff0c \u9519\u8bef\u4fee\u590d\u548c ports \u5408\u89c4\u6027\u6216\u6846\u67b6\u53d8\u5316\u3002
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u4e86 \"latest\"\u7684\u5206\u652f\uff0cFreeBSD \u5c31\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u6eda\u52a8\u53d1\u884c\u7248\uff0c \u800c\u4e14\u548c Arch Linux \u5f88\u50cf\uff0c \u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002

Poudriere
Poudriere \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5 FreeBSD \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u5229\u7528 FreeBSD jail \u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u73af\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b jail \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684 FreeBSD \u7f16\u8bd1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab FreeBSD pkg \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
Poudriere \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u795e\u5947\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 Poudriere\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5e93\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5c06\u5b8c\u5168\u6309\u7167\u60a8\u7684\u89c4\u683c\u548c\u9700\u6c42\u6784\u5efa\u3002
Poudriere \u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u6574\u4e2a ports \u6811\u7684\u6279\u91cf\u8054\u7f16\uff0cports \u6811\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c \u6216\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5355\u4e2a port \u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u52a8\u5730\u8054\u7f16\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c \u751f\u6210\u8054\u7f16\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7b7e\u540d\u7684 pkg \u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c \u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e00\u4e2a\u8865\u4e01\u5230 FreeBSD bug \u8ddf\u8e2a\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\u6d4b\u8bd5 port \u8054\u7f16\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c \u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9009\u9879\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8054\u7f16\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002Poudriere \u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e72\u51c0\u7684 Jail \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8054\u7f16\uff0c \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c \u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528 zfs \u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u4e3b\u673a\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u5916\u7684\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002
Poudriere \u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u652f\u6301\u7684 FreeBSD \u7248\u672c\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002

ZFS
ZFS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f FreeBSD \u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7b49\u516c\u6c11\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 ZFS \u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f88\u591a\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u7d27\u5bc6\u5730\u96c6\u6210\u6216\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u5bf9 ZFS \u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c ZFS \u548c\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c ZFS \u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7814\u7a76 ZFS \u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u3002
ZFS \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u70b9\u662f\uff08\u6458\u81ea\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff09\u3002
\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u957f\u671f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u65e0\u9650\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u96f6\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u9ad8\u914d\u7f6e\u6027\u3002
\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5143\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5c42\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6574\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u635f\u574f\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u6551\u3002\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u5757\u7684\u7236\u5757\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5757\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u8bb8\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f62\u6210\u9c9c\u660e\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6301\u6709\uff09\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u8d77\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u3002
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u5143\u6570\u636e\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u6216\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6570\u636e\u635f\u574f\u540e\u7684\u6062\u590d\u80fd\u529b\u3002
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u56de\u6eda\u6700\u8fd1\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u3002
\u5f53\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u548c\u5199\u5165\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u591f\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u548c\uff08\u901a\u5e38\uff09\u65e0\u58f0\u5730\u81ea\u6108\u3002\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u91cd\u5efa\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u7684\u7236\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u6821\u6b63\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\uff1b\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u526f\u672c\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\uff09\uff1b\u5728 SLOG \uff08 ZIL \uff09\u4e0a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5e94\u8be5\u53d1\u751f\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5199\u5165\u610f\u56fe\uff08\u65ad\u7535\u540e\uff09\uff1b RAID/RAIDZ \u78c1\u76d8\u548c\u5377\u7684\u5947\u5076\u6821\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\uff1b\u955c\u50cf\u78c1\u76d8\u548c\u5377\u7684\u6570\u636e\u526f\u672c\u3002
\u6807\u51c6 RAID \u7ea7\u522b\u548c\u989d\u5916\u7684 ZFS RAID \u5e03\u5c40\uff08\"RAIDZ\"\uff09\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0cRAIDZ \u7ea7\u522b\u53ea\u5728\u6240\u9700\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5265\u79bb\uff08\u8bb8\u591a RAID \u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u4e0d\u52a0\u533a\u5206\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5265\u79bb\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u5efa\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6216\u635f\u574f\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u5757\u3002
\u539f\u751f\u5904\u7406\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u5377\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a ZFS \u4e5f\u4e86\u89e3\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u6765\u544a\u77e5\u3001\u6574\u5408\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5176\u5206\u5c42\u5b58\u50a8\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u65e0\u6cd5\u505a\u5230\u7684\u3002
\u5bf9\u5feb\u7167\u548c\u5907\u4efd /\u590d\u5236\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6574\u5408\u5377\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5916\u90e8\u811a\u672c\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u624d\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u3002
\u539f\u751f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u91cd\u590d\u6570\u636e\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u540e\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u5728 RAM \u4e2d\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4e14\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u3002
\u9ad8\u6548\u91cd\u5efa RAID \u9635\u5217--RAID \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u5efa\u6574\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u4f46 ZFS \u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u78c1\u76d8\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5c06\u4efb\u4f55\u91cd\u5efa\u9650\u5236\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u635f\u574f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u52a0\u5feb\u4e86\u91cd\u5efa\u901f\u5ea6\u3002
\u4e0d\u53d7 RAID \u786c\u4ef6\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u5e26\u7684 RAID \u786c\u4ef6\uff08\u5982 RAID \u5361\uff09\u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a RAID \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u7f3a\u5c11\u539f RAID \u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u7ba1\u7406 RAID \u9635\u5217\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u63a5\u8fd1\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a \"\u57ab\u811a\u77f3\"\u3002\u7531\u4e8e ZFS \u81ea\u5df1\u7ba1\u7406 RAID\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 ZFS \u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u88c5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cRAIDZ \u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u518d\u6b21\u88ab ZFS \u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u7acb\u5373\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002
\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u672c\u6765\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u4f46\u6700\u8fd1\u53cd\u800c\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97 ZFS \u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u91cd\u65b0\u8bc4\u4f30\u5176\u7f13\u5b58\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\uff08 ZFS \u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u901a\u5e38\u8d85\u8fc7 80%\uff09\u3002
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u539f\u672c\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u51cf\u6162\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u5199\u5165\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7f13\u5b58\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5373 SLOG \uff08\u6709\u65f6\u79f0\u4e3a ZIL--ZFS \u610f\u56fe\u65e5\u5fd7\uff09\u6765\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5f02\u6b65\u5199\u5165\u3002
\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u8c03\u6027--\u8bb8\u591a\u5185\u90e8\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u6700\u4f73\u529f\u80fd\u3002
\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u96c6\u7fa4\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u9014\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002
\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528 ZFS \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u751a\u81f3\u63a5\u8fd1 FreeBSD \u4e0e ZFS \u7684\u96c6\u6210\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002

\u542f\u52a8\u73af\u5883
\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0e ZFS \u7684\u7d27\u5bc6\u96c6\u6210\uff0cFreeBSD \u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u5f15\u5bfc\u73af\u5883\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u542f\u52a8\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u591a\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u73af\u5883\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u514b\u9686\u6216\u5feb\u7167\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u542f\u52a8\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u9632\u5f39\u5347\u7ea7\u6216\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fc3\u7834\u574f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u603b\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u6eda\u3002
\u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u65b0\u7684 ZFS \u5f15\u5bfc\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u66f4\u65b0 FreeBSD \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u63a5\u89e6\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 FreeBSD Jail \u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5347\u7ea7\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u60a8\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 ZFS \u5f15\u5bfc\u73af\u5883\u590d\u5236\u6216\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u3002
FreeBSD \u7684 bectl \u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u60a8\u8f7b\u677e\u7ba1\u7406\u542f\u52a8\u73af\u5883\u3002

BSD \u542f\u52a8
FreeBSD \u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 BSD \u98ce\u683c\u7684 init \u3002
\u5728 BSD \u98ce\u683c\u7684 init \u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 /etc/inittab \u3002\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u662f\u7531 rc \u811a\u672c\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u3002
\u5728 /etc/rc.d/\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7684\u811a\u672c\u662f\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u670d\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 cron \u3001sshd \u3001syslog \u7b49\u3002\u800c /usr/local/etc/rc.d/\u4e2d\u7684\u811a\u672c\u5219\u662f\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c \u4f8b\u5982 NGINX \u6216 Postfix \u3002
\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c \u7531\u4e8e FreeBSD \u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u800c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c \u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff0c \u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u88ab\u5b89\u88c5\u5728 /usr/local/ \u4e0b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u4e8e /usr/local/bin/\uff0c\u800c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5219\u4f4d\u4e8e /usr/local/etc/\u3002
\u5728 BSD \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728 /etc/rc.conf \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u670d\u52a1\u6761\u76ee\u6765\u542f\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f4d\u4e8e /etc/defaults/rc.conf \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f1a\u88ab /etc/rc.conf \u4e2d\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6240\u8986\u76d6\u3002
\u4e0b\u9762\u7684 /etc/rc.conf \u4e2d\u7684\u6761\u76ee\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u7528 sshd \u3002

sshd_enable=\"YES\"
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u3002

# service sshd enable
\u8fd9\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u8f91 /etc/rc.conf \u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u6761\u76ee\u3002

\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u624b\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff1a # service sshd start

# service sshd start
\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u542f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4f60\u4ecd\u7136\u60f3\u542f\u52a8\u5b83\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u542f\u52a8\u5b83\u3002

# service sshd onestart
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4e0a\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e init \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002

jail
FreeBSD Jails \u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u58ee\u4e3e\u3002
\u5728 2000 \u5e74 3 \u6708 14 \u65e5\u7684 4.0 \u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0cFreeBSD \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 jails \u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
FreeBSD jail \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5316\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a FreeBSD \u884d\u751f\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8ff7\u4f60\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a jails \u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 jail \u4e2d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5171\u4eab\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5185\u6838\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f00\u9500\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u3002
\u5bf9 FreeBSD jails \u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u5171\u4eab\u73af\u5883\u4e3b\u673a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546 (R&D Associates, Inc.\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0cDerrick T. Woolworth)\u7684\u613f\u671b\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e72\u51c0\u3001\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff08\u7531 Poul-Henning Kamp \u5f00\u53d1\uff09\u4e0d\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u5c42\u65b0\u7684\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u95e8\u522b\u7c7b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5206\u95e8\u522b\u7c7b\u3002
\u901a\u8fc7 jail\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u5404\u79cd\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8bd5\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 jail \u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u6216\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u914d\u7f6e\u7684 web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5305\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u7531\u4e8e jail \u9650\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ed\u5c0f\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6216\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u662f jail \u5185\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6240\u505a\u7684\uff09\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5371\u5bb3\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5728 jail \u5916\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\"\u53d8\u5316 \"\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5220\u9664 jail \u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u526f\u672c\u800c\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u3002
\u7136\u800c FreeBSD jail \u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5316\uff1b \u5b83\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u865a\u62df\u673a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u3002
FreeBSD jail \u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a jail \u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206(\u5176\u4ed6 jail \u548c\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf)\u662f\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u3002
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3 FreeBSD jail \u548c Linux \u5bb9\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u8bf7\u9605\u8bfb\u535a\u5ba2\u6587\u7ae0 Setting the Record Straight: containers vs. Zones vs. Jails vs. VMs \u3002
FreeBSD \u6709 iocage \u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u6765\u7b80\u5316 jail \u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u8fd0\u884c VNET \u6216\u5171\u4eab IP \u7f51\u7edc\u7684 ZFS \u652f\u6301\u7684 jail \u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3002

Bastille
Bastille \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u81ea\u52a8\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002
Bastille \u4f7f\u7528 FreeBSD jails \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u6a21\u677f\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e Docker \u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u8f6f\u4ef6\u96c6\u5408\u3002
\u6a21\u677f\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u542f\u7528\u548c\u542f\u52a8\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u5806\u6808\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002

Capsicum
Capsicum \u662f\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c99\u76d2\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86 Google \u3001FreeBSD \u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u548c DARPA \u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002Capsicum \u6269\u5c55\u4e86 POSIX API\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u57fa\u5143\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u7c7b\u4f3c UNIX \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u80fd\u529b\u5b89\u5168\u3002
Capabilities - \u5177\u6709\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7cbe\u70bc\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
\u80fd\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f--\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5168\u5c40\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c99\u76d2\u3002
\u6d41\u7a0b\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26--\u4ee5\u80fd\u529b\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b ID \u66ff\u6362
\u533f\u540d\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u8c61--POSIX \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58 API \u7684\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u533f\u540d\u4ea4\u6362\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u80fd\u529b\uff09\u3002
rtld-elf-cap - \u4fee\u6539 ELF \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u6c99\u76d2\u5e94\u7528\u3002
libcapsicum - \u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u6c99\u76d2\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u5e93\u3002
libuserangel - \u5141\u8bb8\u6c99\u76d2\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u5929\u4f7f\uff08\u5982 Power Boxes \uff09\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u5e93\u3002
chromium-capsicum - Google \u7684 Chromium \u7f51\u9875\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u80fd\u529b\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u6765\u4e3a\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u6e32\u67d3\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6c99\u76d2\u3002
Capsicum \u7684 FreeBSD \u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u7531 Robert Watson \u548c Jonathan Anderson \u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5728 FreeBSD 10.0 \u4e2d\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\u3002Capsicum for FreeBSD \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u8003\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a Capsicum API \u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u53c2\u8003\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u4e3a\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5e73\u53f0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8d77\u70b9\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801 (\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cCapsicum for Linux \u548c Capsicum for DragonFlyBSD)\u3002

DTrace
DTrace \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece Solaris \u79fb\u690d\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u52a8\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6846\u67b6\u3002DTrace \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\u7b80\u660e\u627c\u8981\u5730\u56de\u7b54\u6709\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u95ee\u9898\u3002
DTrace \u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u6982\u89c8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u91cf\u3001CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6e90\u3002DTrace \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u8c03\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868\u3002
\u6709\u5173 DTrace \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 DTrace \u5355\u884c\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u548c DTrace \u793a\u4f8b\u3002
\u5728 Hacker News \u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e DTrace for Linux \u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002

bhyve
bhyve \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u751f\u7684 FreeBSD \u865a\u62df\u673a\u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u5ba2\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u865a\u62df CPU \u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u5ba2\u4f53\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c I/O \u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u53c2\u6570\u3002
bhyve \u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u5ba2\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5316\uff0c\u5305\u62ec FreeBSD 9+\u3001OpenBSD \u3001NetBSD \u3001Linux \u3001illumos \u3001DragonFly \u3001Windows Vista \u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\u548c Windows Server 2008 \u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e8\u5728\u6269\u5927\u5bf9 x86-64 \u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002
bhyve \u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728 FreeBSD 10.0-RELEASE \u4e2d\u6210\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002
bhyve \u8981\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u5668\u652f\u6301 Intel Extended Page Tables (EPT) \u6216 AMD Rapid Virtualization Indexing (RVI) \u6216 Nested Page Tables (NPT)\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a vCPU \u7684 Linux \u5ba2\u5ea7\u6216 FreeBSD \u5ba2\u5ea7\uff0c\u9700\u8981 VMX \u65e0\u9650\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\u652f\u6301\uff08 UG \uff09\u3002\u8f83\u65b0\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u9177\u777f i3/i5/i7 \u548c\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u81f3\u5f3a E3/E5/E7\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u3002UG \u652f\u6301\u662f\u968f\u7740\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u7684 Westmere \u5fae\u67b6\u6784\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u3002

\u9632\u706b\u5899
FreeBSD \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002PF, IPFW, \u548c IPFILTER, \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f IPF.
\u4ece FreeBSD 5.3 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0cOpenBSD \u7684 PF \u9632\u706b\u5899\u88ab\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002PF \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u3001\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u652f\u6301 ALTQ (Alternate Queuing)\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf (QoS)\u3002PF \u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e IPF \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\uff08 NAT \uff09\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\uff08 QoS \uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u96c6\u6210\u5230 PF \u4e2d\uff0cQoS \u901a\u8fc7\u5bfc\u5165 ALTQ \u6392\u961f\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e PF \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6269\u5c55\u4e86 PF \u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u7528\u4e8e\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\u548c\u5197\u4f59\u7684 pfsync \u548c CARP\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684 authpf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u7f13\u89e3\u9632\u706b\u5899\u56f0\u96be\u7684 FTP \u534f\u8bae\u7684 ftp-proxy \u7b49\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0cPF \u8fd8\u652f\u6301 SMP \uff08\u5bf9\u79f0\u591a\u5904\u7406\uff09&STO \uff08\u72b6\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u9009\u9879\uff09\u3002
PF \u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u521b\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002PF \u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 pf.conf \u4e2d\u6309\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7531 PF \u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a pflog \u7684\u4f2a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ece\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u5982 tcpdump \uff09\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u3002
IPFW \u662f\u4e3a FreeBSD \u7f16\u5199\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301 IPv4 \u548c IPv6 \u3002\u5b83\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a \u5185\u6838\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219\u5904\u7406\u5668\u53ca\u5176\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7edf\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5de5\u5177\u3001NAT \u3001dummynet \u6d41\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u8f6c\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u6865\u63a5\u5de5\u5177\u548c ipstealth \u5de5\u5177\u3002
FreeBSD \u5728 /etc/rc.firewall \u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u65b0\u624b\u7528\u6237\u751f\u6210\u5408\u9002\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u3002IPFW \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u5236\u4f5c\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u73af\u5883\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u3002
IPF \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u79fb\u690d\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec FreeBSD \u3001NetBSD \u3001OpenBSD \u548c Solaris \u3002IPF \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\u4fa7\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c NAT \u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u6237\u56fd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 ipf \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6216\u5220\u9664\uff0cNAT \u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 ipnat \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6216\u5220\u9664\uff0cIPF \u5185\u6838\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7edf\u8ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 ipfstat \u6253\u5370\uff0cipmon \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5c06 IPF \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002
IPF \u6700\u521d\u662f\u91c7\u7528 \"\u6700\u540e\u5339\u914d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u83b7\u80dc \"\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u7f16\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0cIPF \u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u548c\u4fdd\u6301\u72b6\u6001\u9009\u9879\u3002

\u8c03\u6574
FreeBSD \u6709\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e94\u767e\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 sysctl \u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u7684 FreeBSD \u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec TCP/IP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879\u3002\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u8bb8\u591a TCP/IP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002

GEOM
FreeBSD GEOM \u662f FreeBSD \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u3002GEOM \u662f\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8 GEOM \u6a21\u5757\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6846\u67b6\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cgeom_mirror \u6a21\u5757\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 RAID1 \u6216\u955c\u50cf\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14 FreeBSD \u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e5f\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u79ef\u6781\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002
\u7531\u4e8e GEOM \u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u5806\u53e0\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a GEOM \u5c42\u94fe\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728 geom_mirror \u6a21\u5757\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a0\u5bc6\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5982 geom_eli \u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u5377\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u6709\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u3002\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u662f geom \u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6e90\u5934\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u5316\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u76d8\u3002geom \u6a21\u5757\u53c8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5176\u4ed6 GEOM \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u94fe\u3002

Linux \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u517c\u5bb9\u6027
FreeBSD \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0e Linux \u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u517c\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 FreeBSD \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u8bb8\u591a Linux \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c \u800c\u65e0\u9700\u9996\u5148\u4fee\u6539\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cLinux \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u66f4\u597d\u3002
\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709 Linux \u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u80fd\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c Linux \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528 i386 \u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u542f\u7528\u865a\u62df 8086 \u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002

\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5ba1\u8ba1
FreeBSD \u5305\u542b\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5ba1\u8ba1\u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u53ef\u9760\u3001\u7cbe\u7ec6\u548c\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u66f4\u6539\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u4e8b\u540e\u5206\u6790\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u3002FreeBSD \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 Sun \u53d1\u5e03\u7684 Basic Security Module (BSM) \u5e94\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3 (API) \u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c \u5e76\u53ef\u4e0e Solaris \u548c MacOS \u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002

\u6700\u540e\u8bf4\u660e
\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8be6\u5c3d\u5730\u5217\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528 FreeBSD \u800c\u4e0d\u662f GNU/Linux \u7684\u6280\u672f\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u53ca\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6700\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6027\u3002
\u9664\u975e\u60a8\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5f53\u60a8\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u7ba1\u7406 FreeBSD \u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u611f\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u611f\u548c\u548c\u8c10\u611f\u3002
\u60a8\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 FreeBSD \u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u786c\u4ef6\u652f\u6301\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u975e\u5e38\u4ee5 Linux \u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u540e\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u4e0e\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cMozilla \u5f00\u53d1 Firefox \u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f Linux \u3001OSX \u548c Windows \u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a Tier-1 \u5e73\u53f0\u3002FreeBSD \u3001OpenBSD \u3001NetBSD \u548c Solaris \u4f5c\u4e3a Tier-3 \u5e73\u53f0\u4f4d\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5e95\u90e8\u3002Mozilla \u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u65e0\u6cd5\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u975e Tier-1 \u5e73\u53f0\u6216\u6784\u5efa\u73af\u5883\u3002\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ece mozilla-central \u4e3a\u975e Tier-1 \u5e73\u53f0\u6784\u5efa\u7684 Firefox \u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u6216\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6784\u5efa\u3002Tier-3 \u5e73\u53f0\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u62a4\u8005\u6216\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0d\u53d7 Mozilla \u7684\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0cMozilla \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4f8b\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002
\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740 FreeBSD \u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u82b1\u8d39\u989d\u5916\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u50cf Firefox \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5f53\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0cMozilla \u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u4f1a\u50cf\u5728 Linux \u3001Windows \u6216 OSX \u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u90a3\u6837\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u4ee5 Linux \u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e5f\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002
\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u60a8\u5076\u5c14\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u5199\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cMicro \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u8bd5\u56fe\u7528 Alt-g \u6253\u5f00\u83dc\u5355\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5728 FreeBSD \u4e0a\u5d29\u6e83\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002
\u6211\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u684c\u9762\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u4e0a\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528 FreeBSD\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u6211\u628a\u5728 Debian GNU/Linux \u548c Arch Linux \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c ZFS \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u4e86 FreeBSD \u3002\u7531\u4e8e FreeBSD \u4e3a ZFS \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\u4e86\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3002
\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ad9\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 i3 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7684 FreeBSD \u3002\u6211\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u8fd0\u884c Arch Linux \u3002\u4ece\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u684c\u9762\u4f7f\u7528\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u60a8\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u7531\u5c06 Arch Linux \u4f5c\u4e3a\u684c\u9762\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u800c\u4e0d\u662f FreeBSD\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4ece\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u3001\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u6027\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u4ece\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u56e0\u6765\u770b -- \u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6709\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u3002
FreeBSD \u6ca1\u6709\u50cf GNU/Linux \u90a3\u6837\u5f97\u5230\u540c\u6837\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9057\u61be\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\u8fd0\u884c FreeBSD \u800c\u4e0d\u662f Linux \u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5f88\u591a\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd0\u884c Linux \u7684\u552f\u4e00\u539f\u56e0\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u4e60\u60ef\u548c\u5bf9 FreeBSD \u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e86\u89e3\u3002
\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u5f53\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u90e8\u7f72\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u4e5f\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b FreeBSD \u3002\u5b83\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u503c\u5f97\u60a8\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u3002

\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a https://unixsheikh.com/index.html", "date_published": "2020-12-23T11:10:07+00:00", "title": "\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u4ece Linux \u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 BSD", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/738367" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/737688", "date_modified": "2020-12-22T00:14:25+00:00", "content_html": "\u5168\u90e8\u9884\u8ba1\u4e8e 2021 \u5e74 3 \u6708\u5b8c\u6210\u8fc1\u79fb\u3002

https://git.freebsd.org/src.git
\u6216\u8005
https://cgit.freebsd.org", "date_published": "2020-12-22T00:12:53+00:00", "title": "FreeBSD \u5f00\u53d1\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc1\u79fb\u81f3 git", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/737688" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/735457", "title": "FreeBSD 12.2 vmware \u865a\u62df\u673a\u955c\u50cf bt \u79cd\u5b50", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/735457", "date_published": "2020-12-14T14:11:33+00:00", "content_html": "\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 KDE5 \u706b\u72d0\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668 Fcitx \u8f93\u5165\u6cd5
\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e2d\u6587\u8bbe\u7f6e
\u66ff\u6362\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e90\u4e3a\u56fd\u5185\u53ef\u7528\u7684
\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u79cd\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528 qBittorrent \u7b49 P2P \u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3002

https://github.com/ykla/freebsd-vm-desktop-CN/archive/0.1.zip" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/723669", "title": "\u7f51\u6613\u5f00\u6e90\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\u65b0\u589e pkg \u6e90", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/723669", "date_published": "2020-11-10T09:35:32+00:00", "content_html": "http://mirrors.163.com/freebsd-pkg/" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/720652", "title": "FreeBSD 12.2-RELEASE \u73b0\u5728\u5728 Microsoft Azure \u4e0a\u53ef\u7528", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/720652", "date_published": "2020-11-01T03:17:54+00:00", "content_html": "" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/720199", "date_modified": "2020-10-30T07:19:31+00:00", "content_html": "\u5df2\u76fc\u6625\u6765\u5f52 \u5df2\u76fc\u6625\u6765\u5f52 \u4eca\u65e5\u53bb \u613f\u4e3a\u6625\u6765\u5f52 \u76fc\u5f52
\u6625\u5929\u6765\u4e86 FreeBSD \u7684\u6625\u5929\u5728\u54ea\u91cc?

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\u3000\u3000\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 U \u76d8\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u6162\u7684\u6211\u8981\u6253\u5e74\u5e74\u732b\uff0c\u5e74\u5e74\u732b\u662f\u8c01\uff1f\u662f\u4e00\u53ea\u8c03\u76ae\u7684\u72f8\u82b1\u732b\u800c\u5df2\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u6709\u8981\u51c6\u5907\u7684\u6709\u6811\u8393\u6d3e 3B+\u677f\u5b50\u4e00\u5757\uff0c\u7f51\u7ebf\u4e00\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5361\u4e00\u679a\u3002\u4ece\u534e\u4e3a\u4e91\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\uff08\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5feb\uff09\u4e0b\u8f7d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6811\u8393\u6d3e 3B+\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c12 \u548c 13 \u6211\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u611f\u89c9\u90fd\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7 13 \u7684 LLVM \u7248\u672c\u592a\u65b0\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0d\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd8\u662f\u7528 12 \u7684\u5427\u3002

https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/freebsd/snapshots/ISO-IMAGES/13.0/FreeBSD-13.0-CURRENT-arm64-aarch64-RPI3-20200116-r356767.img.xz \u3000\uff08\u8be5\u94fe\u63a5\u4e0d\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5c31\u53bb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/freebsd/snapshots/ISO-IMAGES/13.0 \uff09
\u3000\u3000\u4e0b\u8f7d\u540e\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 rufus \u523b\u5f55\u3002\u63d2\u5165\u7f51\u7ebf\uff0c\u5c06\u5b58\u50a8\u5361\u63d2\u5165\u6811\u8393\u6d3e\uff0c\u901a\u7535\u7b49\u5f85\u7ea6\u4e94\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u8def\u7531\u5668\u540e\u53f0\u83b7\u53d6 IP \u3002

\u3000\u3000\u4f7f\u7528 XShell \u5373\u53ef\u767b\u5f55\u6811\u8393\u6d3e\u3002\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5bc6\u7801\u5747\u4e3a freebsd \u3002root \u9700\u8981\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u8f93\u5165 su\uff0c\u5bc6\u7801\u4e3a root \u3002\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u6539

/etc/ssh/sshd_config

\u3000\u3000\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5f00\u542f root \u8d26\u6237\u7684 ssh \u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u6743\u9650\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a

\u3000\u3000\u7f16\u8f91 /etc/sh/sshd_config \uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u662f sshd \u4e0d\u662f ssh \uff01\u8fd9\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u8005\u52a0\u5165

PermitRootLogin yes #\u5141\u8bb8 root \u767b\u5f55 PasswordAuthentication yes # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u53e3\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002

\u3000\u3000\uff08\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5bf9\u5e94\u884c\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca#\u53bb\u6389\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f PermitRootLogin \u4e00\u884c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f no\uff0c\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u8981\u6539\u6210 yes \u3002\u5373 PermitRootLogin yes \uff09\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\uff1a

server sshd restart

\u3000\u3000\u7136\u540e\u5c31\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6811\u8393\u6d3e\u6ca1\u6709\u677f\u8f7d\u7684\u7ebd\u6263\u7535\u6c60\u786e\u4fdd CMOS \u65f6\u949f\u51c6\u786e\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u9760 NTP \u670d\u52a1\u6765\u6821\u6b63\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u5c06\u5f71\u54cd\u5f88\u591a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u65e0\u6cd5\u6267\u884c portsnap fetch \u547d\u4ee4\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a

\u3000\u3000\u5728 /etc/rc.conf \u4e2d\u52a0\u5165

ntpd_enable=\"YES\" ntpdate_enable=\"YES\" ntpdate_program=\"ntpdate\" ntpdate_flags=\"0.cn.pool.ntp.org\"

\u3000\u3000\u7136\u540e\u5f00\u542f\u65f6\u95f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a

service ntpdate start

\u3000\u3000\u8f93\u5165 date \u67e5\u770b\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u6821\u65f6\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u4f7f\u7528 UTC+8 \u5317\u4eac\u65f6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u66f4\u6539\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 bsdconfig \u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5730\u533a\u8c03\u6574\u5230\u4e9a\u6d32 /\u4e2d\u56fd /\u4e0a\u6d77\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u6811\u8393\u6d3e\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u63a5\u901a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8003\u8651\u8054\u7f51\u95ee\u9898\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u60f3\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u52a8\u8fde\u63a5 wifi \u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a

/boot/loader.conf

\u3000\u3000\u4e2d\u5199\u5165

rtwn_usb_load=\"YES\" legal.realtek.license_ack=1 \u5728 /etc/rc.conf \u4e2d\u5199\u5165 wlans_rtwn0=\"wlan0\" ifconfig_wlan0=\"WPA DHCP\"

\u3000\u3000\u6ce8\u610f\u5728 /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u5c31\u81ea\u5df1\u901a touch \u547d\u4ee4\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\uff09\u5199\u5165

network={ ssid=\"wifi \u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u522b\u641e\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e2d\u6587\" psk=\"\u5bc6\u7801\" }

\u3000\u3000\u4fdd\u5b58\u91cd\u542f\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u52a8\u8fde\u63a5 wifi \u3002

\u3000\u3000\u5b89\u88c5 GUI \u66f4\u7b80\u5355\uff0cpkg install xorg mate \u5373\u53ef\u3002\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528 VNC \u6216\u8005 XRDP \u670d\u52a1\u3002\u90fd\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u9ed8\u8ba4 HDMI \u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u65e0\u9700\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c linux \u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0cfreebsd \u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8d85\u9891\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6539\u52a8\u4e5f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\u6811\u8393\u6d3e 3B+\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u8fd8\u662f\u592a\u5dee\u4e86\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5904\u7406\u5668\u548c USB2.0 \u4ee5\u53ca\u5185\u5b58\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u671f\u5f85\u6811\u8393\u6d3e 4 \u4ee5\u53ca FreeBSD SDIO \u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u65e9\u65e5\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u6148\u60b2\uff01

\u3000\u3000\u96c1\u5357\u98de\u8fd9\u9996\u6b4c\u4f7f\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u4e86\u5c0f\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bfe\u6587\u300a\u71d5\u5b50\u4e13\u5217\u300b\uff1a\u745e\u58eb\u6709\u4e00\u5e74\u7531\u4e8e\u6c14\u6e29\u9aa4\u964d\u5927\u96c1\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u5357\u98de\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u53f7\u53ec\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8f66\u5c06\u71d5\u5b50\u9001\u5f80\u6e29\u6696\u6545\u4e61\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u543e\u4e61\u4f55\u5904\u5462\uff1f

\u3000\u3000\u6211\u95fb\u5230\u70b9\u71c3\u6728\u5934\u7684\u5473\u9053\u603b\u662f\u60f3\u8d77\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u75d5\u8ff9\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6de1\u4e86\u3002

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6811\u8393\u6d3e 3b+/4 \u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u9664\u4e86\u6ca1\u6709 WIFI\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u5747\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
QQ \u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4 817507910", "date_published": "2020-10-30T07:19:08+00:00", "title": "\u6811\u8393\u6d3e 3B+/4 \u5b89\u88c5 FreeBSD 13", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/720199" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/720165", "date_modified": "2020-10-30T06:15:05+00:00", "content_html": "\u5728\u67d0\u77e5\u540d\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u8bba\u575b\u4e0a\u6211\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e16\u5b50\uff0c\u8bf4\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u6839\u636e FreeBSD \u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5b89\u5353\uff0c\u82f9\u679c\u7684 IOS \u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002
\u3000\u3000\u9006\u5411\u601d\u7ef4\u5f53\u521d\u5f00\u53d1\u5b89\u5353\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u8fc7 FreeBSD\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e0\u8bba\u4ece\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u8fd8\u662f BSD \u534f\u8bae\u6765\u770b\uff0cFreeBSD \u90fd\u4f18\u4e8e Linux\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a FreeBSD \u505a\u51fa\u6765\u6700\u591a\u548c\u5b89\u5353\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9a71\u52a8\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0d\u4e86\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u4ece\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u9762\u5165\u624b\uff0c\u79f0 xorg \u963b\u788d\u4e86\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u9020\u8f6e\u5b50\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u503c\u5f97\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u53bb\u6389\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a FreeBSD \u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5c11\u4e4b\u53c8\u5c11\uff1b\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u4eba\u529d\u5176\u811a\u8e0f\u5b9e\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6839\u672c\u8d5a\u4e0d\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u94b1\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u4f46\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6211\u7684\u7406\u89e3 FreeBSD \u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5927\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u516c\u53f8\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u652f\u6301\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u5f00\u6e90\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u9760\u51fa\u552e\u670d\u52a1\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u6765\u76c8\u5229\u3002\u6839\u636e GPL \u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6709\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u5982\u540c RHEL \u4e0e CentOS\uff0cScientific Linux \u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e45\u800c\u4e45\u4e4b\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u6076\u6027\u5faa\u73af\u3002\u4f46\u662f FreeBSD \u7528\u6237\u7fa4\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f BSD \u534f\u8bae\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6839\u636e\u4e8c\u5219\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5f00\u6e90\uff0c\u6536\u8d39\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60f3\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u770b\u82f9\u679c\u4e0e FreeBSD\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca handbook \u4e2d\u4f17\u591a\u4f7f\u7528 FreeBSD \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u5de8\u5934\uff0c\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u56de\u6eaf\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u80fd\u591f\u8282\u7ea6\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002

\u3000\u3000 FreeBSD \u5bf9 ARM \u7684\u652f\u6301\u5f88\u5dee\u52b2\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0d\u5c31 arm \u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u5417\uff1f\u96be\u5230\u8fd8\u80fd\u662f MIPS \uff1f\u8bf4\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u5e0c\u671b FreeBSD \u80fd\u591f\u652f\u6301\u9f99\u82af\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bd5\u7adf MIPS \u76ee\u524d\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u5982 arm \u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u673a\u9047\u66f4\u591a\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002FreeBSD \u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u5f00\u53d1\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u9609\u5272\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u52a0\u51e0\u4e2a\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\uff0c\u53d1\u77ed\u4fe1\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u96be\u5ea6\u63a5\u8fd1\u4ece 0 \u5f00\u59cb\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f FreeBSD \u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u5f00\u53d1\uff0cLinux \u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e5f\u5927\u62b5\u76f8\u5f53\uff0cUbuntu Phone \u3001FireFox OS \u3001Windows Phone \u65e0\u4e0d\u662f\u60f3\u4ece\u5176 PC \u7aef\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002

\u3000\u3000\u5176\u5b9e\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u5f3a\u8c03\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u89c4\u907f\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u4e00\u6240\u8457\u540d\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u5178\u793c\u4e0a\u53d1\u8a00\u79f0\uff0c\u8981\u76f8\u4fe1\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u516c\u5e73\u4e0e\u6b63\u4e49\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u771f\u7684\u6709\u4eba\u4fe1\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u7ec8\u5c06\u662f\u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\u805a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u78b0\u676f\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002\u8fd9\u7247\u571f\u5730\u771f\u6b63\u7f3a\u4e4f\u662f\u5c31\u662f\u5979\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u5f20\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u4ece\u6765\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u72ec\u884c\u800c\u65e0\u53cb\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u7684\u5b64\u72ec\u3002

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\u5217\u4e3e\u90e8\u5206\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
FreeBSD \u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9 WiFi \u548c Linux KPI \u5c42\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u4e0e Linuxulator \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3001\u66f4\u65b0 DRM / \u663e\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u4e3a OpenZFS \u589e\u52a0 Zstd \u538b\u7f29\u3001\u52a8\u6001 RAID-Z \u6269\u5bb9\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a LLDB target \u8fdb\u884c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u6539\u8fdb

\u5bf9\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u652f\u6301 ARM64 \u3001\u5c06\u5f00\u53d1\u6811\u8fc1\u79fb\u81f3 Git \u3001\u91cd\u5199 UNIX domain socket \u9501\u5b9a\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9 runtime \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u548c\u5185\u6838 ELF \u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u7684\u6539\u8fdb

\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u4ece Subversion \u8fc1\u79fb\u5230 Git\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u5728 10 \u6708\u5e95\u63a8\u51fa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93

\u5373\u5c06\u53d1\u5e03\u7684 FreeBSD 12.2 \u5c06\u4f18\u5316 Linux \u517c\u5bb9\u5c42

FreeBSD Ports \u96c6\u5408\u5305\u542b\u8d85\u8fc7 40000 \u4e2a port \u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305

\u6539\u8fdb\u5bf9 Mesa \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u56fe\u5f62\u5de5\u5177\u5305 /\u5e93\u7684\u652f\u6301

\u4ece 9 \u6708\u4efd\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4ece macOS \u548c Linux \u4e3b\u673a\u6784\u5efa\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u7684 buildworld \u548c buildkernel \u73af\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206 CI \u5de5\u5177\u53ea\u652f\u6301 Linux/macOS\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa FreeBSD \u57fa\u672c\u7cfb\u7edf

FreeBSD 13-CURRENT \u7684 DRM \u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5df2\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u4ee5\u5339\u914d Linux Kernel 5.4.62

\u4f18\u5316 URE \u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e3a USB 3.0 \u5343\u5146\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u9a71\u52a8\u8986\u76d6\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u5bf9 ath10k, Intel \u548c rtw88 \u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u4e5f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u65e0\u7ebf\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6539\u8fdb

\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u76f8\u5173\u6d3b\u52a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6350\u6b3e\u7b49\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e00\u5b63\u5ea6\u603b\u5171\u7b79\u96c6\u4e86\u5927\u7ea6 20 \u4e07\u7f8e\u5143

\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6811: https://cgit-beta.freebsd.org", "date_published": "2020-10-30T05:51:42+00:00", "title": "FreeBSD \u53d1\u5e03 2020 \u5e74 Q3 \u5b63\u5ea6\u62a5\u544a", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/720151" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/720064", "date_modified": "2020-10-30T02:41:10+00:00", "content_html": "\u4e3b\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u5b98\u65b9\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f00\u653e rsync \u4e14\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u4e8c\u7ea7\u955c\u50cf\u7533\u8bf7\u3002
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\u5982\u6709\u670b\u53cb\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8054\u7cfb FreeBSD \u5b98\u65b9\uff0c\u8fd8\u671b\u65e9\u65e5\u5f00\u653e\u955c\u50cf\uff0clftp \u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cKernel \u6216\u8005 Base system \u6e90\u7801 SVN \u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u52a0\u611f\u4eba\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u5b89\u88c5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5b89\u88c5\u6e90\u7801\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u2026 \u56fd\u5185\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u901f\u5ea6\u91c7\u53d6\u4ee3\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u8981\u6c42\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u66f4\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u624d\u662f\u53d1\u5c55 FreeBSD \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u4e49\u3002
\u8bf7\u670b\u53cb\u4eec\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u90a3\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u201c\u8981\u60f3\u5bcc\uff0c\u5148\u4fee\u8def\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u901a\u5f80 FreeBSD \u7684\u5eb7\u5e84\u5927\u9053\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5168\u662f\u8346\u68d8\u7684\u5c0f\u9053\u3002
\u5728\u6b64\u53f7\u53ec\u80fd\u591f\u8054\u7cfb\u5230 FreeBSD \u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u4eec\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u57fa\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u3002

\u76ee\u524d\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u975e\u5b98\u65b9 issue \u955c\u50cf\u7533\u8bf7\uff1a

USTC\uff1a https://github.com/ustclug/mirrorrequest/issues/172

https://github.com/ustclug/mirrorrequest/issues/171
\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u975e\u5b98\u65b9 issue \u955c\u50cf\u7533\u8bf7\uff1a

TUNA\uff1a https://github.com/tuna/issues/issues/16
- \u73b0\u72b6\u4e0e\u95ee\u9898\uff1a

FreeBSD \u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u9646\u5883\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\uff1b
FreeBSD \u76ee\u524d\u5728\u5927\u9646\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\u6709 4 \u4e2a\uff1a

USTC https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ \u4ec5 pkg ports

ChinaFreeBSD http://chinafreebsd.cn/article/chinafreebsd-resouce
\u6216\u8005 freebsd.cn

\u5317\u4eac\u4ea4\u901a\u5927\u5b66\u81ea\u7531\u4e0e\u5f00\u6e90\u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\uff08\u56db\u7c7b\u6e90
mirror.bjtu.edu.cn
\u8054\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f: https://t.me/bjtumirror

\u7f51\u6613 163 \u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\uff08\u4ec5 ports \u6e90

FreeBSD \u5b98\u65b9\u8054\u7cfb\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a
freebsd-hubs@freebsd.org", "date_published": "2020-10-30T02:36:51+00:00", "title": "FreeBSD \u955c\u50cf\u7ad9\u95ee\u9898 @2020", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/720064" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/719988", "title": "2020 \u5e74\u5b89\u88c5 FreeBSD \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u89c6\u9891", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/719988", "date_published": "2020-10-29T20:49:17+00:00", "content_html": "B \u7ad9\u641c\u7d22 BV14i4y137mh
\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e SSH \u7b49\u6559\u7a0b\u3002
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV14i4y137mh

QQ \u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4 910683942 \u4e00\u822c\u8bdd\u9898
817507910 \u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f /\u6811\u8393\u6d3e
\u4e09\u7fa4 971363171
\u56db\u7fa4\u5f85\u5b9a

telegram: https://t.me/freebsdba" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yklaxds", "name": "yklaxds", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/202d/b783/253330_large.png?m=1644652714" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/719987", "title": "FreeBSD 12.2 \u53d1\u5e03", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/719987", "date_published": "2020-10-29T20:38:34+00:00", "content_html": "FreeBSD \u56e2\u961f\u5ba3\u5e03 FreeBSD 12.2 \u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f FreeBSD 12 \u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u3002

\u672c\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eae\u70b9\uff1a
\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5bf9\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u5806\u6808\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u7684 802.11n \u548c 802.11ac \u652f\u6301\u3002
\u6dfb\u52a0 ice(4) \u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u82f1\u7279\u5c14\u7684 100Gb \u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5361\u3002
\u66f4\u65b0 jail(8) \u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u73af\u5883\u8fd0\u884c Linux \u3002
OpenSSL \u5df2\u66f4\u65b0\u81f3\u7248\u672c 1.1.1h \u3002
OpenSSH \u5df2\u66f4\u65b0\u81f3\u7248\u672c 7.9p1 \u3002
Clang\uff0cLLVM\uff0cLLD\uff0cLLDB\uff0ccompiler-rt \u548c libc ++ \u5df2\u7ecf\u66f4\u65b0\u5230 10.0.1 \u3002" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/yuedingwangji", "name": "yuedingwangji", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/09e92b80190546bb9be09b6b9511cc46?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/714072", "title": "\u5173\u4e8e\u78c1\u76d8\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u8bf7\u6559", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/714072", "date_published": "2020-10-12T02:31:58+00:00", "content_html": "\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e2a\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9 mysql \u8fdb\u884c\u5feb\u7167\uff0c\u80fd\u6062\u590d\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u662f\u6253\u7b97\u7528 lvm \u5feb\u7167\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u770b\u4e86 percona \u7684\u535a\u5ba2\u53c8\u8bf4 lvm \u5feb\u7167\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0chttps://www.percona.com/blog/2009/02/05/disaster-lvm-performance-in-snapshot-mode/ \uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u611f\u89c9 blog \u6709\u70b9\u8001\u4e86\uff0c\u90fd\u662f 2009 \u7684\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u6709 2 \u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u652f\u6301\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u505a\u5feb\u7167\u7684\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f zfs\uff0c\u548c btrfs\uff0c\u770b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u633a\u591a\u4eba\u8bf4 btrfs \u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5751\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u8bf4\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u90fd\u662f 2014 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u770b\u5b98\u7f51\uff0cbtrfs 2020 \u90fd\u6709\u66f4\u65b0\uff0czfs \u7684\u8bdd\u597d\u50cf\u633a\u591a\u4eba\u63a8\u8350\u7528\u7684\uff1b
\u8bf4\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6253\u7b97\u505a\u538b\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd8\u539f\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528 brtfs\uff0c\u770b\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u6015\u540e\u7eed\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0d\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u5927\u4f6c\u6307\u70b9\u4e0b\u4e48\uff0c\u8c22\u8c22" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/dzdh", "name": "dzdh", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/1683/7ebf/226307_large.png?m=1757987240" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/696459", "date_modified": "2020-08-07T06:21:33+00:00", "content_html": "

vbox \u88c5\u4e86\u4e2a freebsd12.1 \u7136\u540e\u628a vhd \u4e0a\u4f20\u5bfc\u5165\u5230\u5957\u8def\u4e91\u3002

\n

\u5f15\u5bfc\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5f00\u673a\u5361\u5230 mount rootfs \u3002\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u786c\u76d8\u3002

\n

mountroot> ufs:/dev/vtbd0p2 \u4e0d\u597d\u4f7f

\n

\u8ddf MBR/GPT \u65e0\u5173

\n

\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a rootfs \u5206\u533a

\n

\u6709 virtio \u9a71\u52a8

\n

mountroot> ? \u6ca1\u53d1\u73b0\u4efb\u4f55\u786c\u76d8

\n", "date_published": "2020-08-07T06:20:42+00:00", "title": "\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u641e\u5957\u8def\u4e91\u7684 KVM \u67b6\u6784\u955c\u50cf\u5417", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/696459" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/noli", "name": "noli", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/d746d841d3014b14703132e33a08f580?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/668075", "title": "Bastille (\u5df4\u58eb\u5e95\u76d1\u72f1) \u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 FreeBSD Jail \u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/668075", "date_published": "2020-05-02T07:23:28+00:00", "content_html": "https://bastillebsd.org/
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21533880

\u7eaf shell \u7f16\u5199

\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06 jail \u6253\u9020\u4e3a container \u7684\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/noli", "name": "noli", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/d746d841d3014b14703132e33a08f580?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/668070", "title": "[\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u65b0\u7684\u65b0\u95fb] FreeNAS \u548c TrueNAS \u5373\u5c06\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a TrueNAS", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/668070", "date_published": "2020-05-02T07:01:34+00:00", "content_html": "\u539f\u6587\uff1a

https://www.ixsystems.com/blog/freenas-truenas-unification/

\u5927\u610f\uff1a

1. FreeNAS \u7684 12.0 \u7248\u672c\uff08\u5373\u57fa\u4e8e FreeBSD 12.0 \u7684\u7248\u672c\uff09\u5c31\u662f TrueNAS Core
2. TrueNAS Core \u5c06\u6c38\u8fdc\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u6e90\uff0c\u6c38\u8fdc\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u7684\uff08\u8fd8\u662f\u514d\u8d39\u7684\uff1f\uff09 Always Free" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/xiaomudou", "name": "xiaomudou", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/16857e234050684ab92e43486c4ee834?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/588349", "date_modified": "2019-08-01T14:02:38+00:00", "content_html": "

FreeBSD 12.0-RELEASE \u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f stable/12 \u5206\u652f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u3002

\n

\u6b64\u7248\u672c\u4e3b\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u4eae\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a

\n
OpenSSL \u5347\u7ea7\u5230 1.1.1a (LTS)\n\nUnbound \u5347\u7ea7\u5230 1.8.1\uff0cDANE-TA \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5f00\u542f\n\nOpenSSH \u5347\u7ea7\u5230 7.8p1\n\nsshd(8) \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u7684 capsicum(4)  \u652f\u6301\n\nClang\u3001LLVM\u3001LLD\u3001LLDB\u3001compiler-rt \u548c libc++ \u5347\u7ea7\u5230 6.0.1\n\nvt(4) Terminus BSD Console \u5b57\u4f53\u5347\u7ea7\u5230 4.46\n\nbsdinstall(8) \u73b0\u5728\u652f\u6301 UEFI + GELI \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b89\u88c5\u9009\u9879\n\n\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u542f\u7528 VIMAGE \u5185\u6838\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\n\n\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0camd64 GENERIC \u548c MINIMAL \u5185\u6838\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u542f\u7528 NUMA \u9009\u9879\n\n\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86 netdump(4) \u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fa\u73b0\u7d27\u6025\u60c5\u51b5\u65f6\u5c06\u5185\u6838\u5d29\u6e83 dump \u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\n\n\u63d0\u9ad8 vt(4) \u9a71\u52a8\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5 2 \u81f3 6 \u500d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u7ed8\u5236\u6587\u672c\n\n\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u4e00\u4ee3\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6539\u8fdb\n\n\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0carmv6 \u548c armv7 \u542f\u7528\u5bf9 capsicum(4) \u7684\u652f\u6301\n\nUFS/FFS \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86 TRIM/BIO_DELETE \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u9001\u7684 TRIM \u6d88\u606f\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8bfb /\u5199\u8bf7\u6c42\n\n\u66f4\u65b0 NFS 4.1 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e26\u6765 pNFS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u652f\u6301\n\npf(4) \u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 vnet(9) \u5728 jail(8) \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\n\n\u5347\u7ea7 bhyve(8)\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86 NVMe \u8bbe\u5907\u6a21\u62df\n\nbhyve(8) \u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 jail(8) \u8fd0\u884c\n\n\u4e00\u4e9b Lua loader(8) \u6539\u8fdb\n\nKDE \u5347\u7ea7\u5230 5.12.5\n
\n

ps:\u5b98\u65b9\u53d1\u5e03\u516c\u544a

\n", "date_published": "2019-08-01T14:00:53+00:00", "title": "FreeBSD12.0-RELEASE \u53d1\u5e03", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/588349" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/tey7i", "name": "tey7i", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/ceb94e25e65bd105ca4bc10737e31804?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/560253", "title": "FreeBSD 2019 \u793e\u533a\u8c03\u67e5\u5404\u4f4d\u5927\u4f6c\u6dfb\u4e86\u6ca1\u6709\uff1f", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/560253", "date_published": "2019-04-30T15:16:54+00:00", "content_html": "" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/Livid", "name": "Livid", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/c4ca/4238/1_large.png?m=1778654517" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/524670", "title": "Run BSD", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/524670", "date_published": "2019-01-07T07:45:45+00:00", "content_html": "https://runbsd.info/

BSD \u7528\u6237\u5206\u4eab\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6545\u4e8b\u3002" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/sjmcefc2", "name": "sjmcefc2", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/ed45fe578f1092dcabc2eaaf904f7374?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/523310", "date_modified": "2019-01-02T19:57:50+00:00", "content_html": "

\u90fd\u7528\u6765\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5e94\u7528\u5462\uff1f\n\u7f51\u4e0a\u5230\u5904\u662f fb \u6ce8\u91cd\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\nopenbsd \u5b89\u5168\uff0c\nnetbsd \u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u5565\u7684\u3002\n\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0 fb \u6bd4 ob\uff0cnb \u5927\u5f88\u591a\u3002\n\u8c8c\u4f3c fb\u3001nb \u7684\u6587\u6863\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709 ob \u7684\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u90fd\u662f bsd\uff0c\u8c8c\u4f3c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u4e0d\u592a\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u9aa8\u5b50\u91cc\u9762\u597d\u50cf\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u53c8\u8bf4\u4e0d\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u597d\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u5dee\u4e86\u597d\u591a\u3002\u5927\u795e\u8d50\u6559\u3002\nbsd \u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u548c linux \u6bd4\u5c31\u662f\u6e23\uff1f\n\u4e0d\u8fc7\u786e\u5b9e\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u88c5\u5b8c\u5565\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\n\u5927\u795e\u80fd\u6df1\u5165\u8bf4\u8bf4 bsd \u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u5565\u4e0d\u540c\u5417\uff1f

\n", "date_published": "2019-01-02T18:27:40+00:00", "title": "\u8bf7\u6559\u6709\u4eba\u7528 freebsd,openbsd \u548c netbsd \u505a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5417?", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/523310" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/sjmcefc2", "name": "sjmcefc2", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/ed45fe578f1092dcabc2eaaf904f7374?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/484218", "title": "1 \u5757 ssd\uff0c 4 \u5757 hdd \u5b89\u88c5 freebsd11\uff0c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff1f", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/484218", "date_published": "2018-08-29T04:50:28+00:00", "content_html": "

\u7528\u6765\u505a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5206\u533a\u6bd4\u8f83\u79d1\u5b66\u5462\uff1f\u600e\u4e48\u8ba9 4 \u5757\u76d8\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u4e00\u5757\uff1f

\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/sjmcefc2", "name": "sjmcefc2", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/ed45fe578f1092dcabc2eaaf904f7374?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/461801", "title": "\u8bf7\u6559 freebsd \u505a\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u9009\u62e9\u5417\uff1f", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/461801", "date_published": "2018-06-09T12:30:13+00:00", "content_html": "

\u6253\u7b97\u7528 freebsd \u505a\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff08 python\uff0cr\uff0cjulia \uff09\uff0cfreebsd \u6587\u6863\u786e\u5b9e\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u793e\u533a\u8c8c\u4f3c\u8fdc\u4e0d\u5982 linux\u3002\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7740\u914d\u7f6e\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0 anaconda \u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b freebsd \u4e0b\u5b89\u88c5\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u641c\u7d22\u4e0d\u5230 freebsd\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f9d\u8d56 conda \u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u4e2a\u5751\uff0c\u5f53\u7136 pip \u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u4ee3\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5b89\u88c5 pip \u53d1\u73b0 ports \u4e0b devel \u4e0b\u9762 py3-pip \u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5176\u5b9e\u662f python2.7 \u7684 pip\u3002\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5927\u795e\u5728 freebsd \u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528 python3.6\uff0c\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5305\u6ca1\u6709 bsd \u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a roadmap \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u9053\u4e00\u4e0b\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5751\uff1f

\n

julia \u5012\u662f\u652f\u6301\u3002

\n

\u5b66\u9662\u6d3e\u7684 freebsd \u5c45\u7136\u6ca1\u88ab anaconda \u652f\u6301\u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8bae\u3002opnsense\uff0cpfsense\uff0ckerio \u7b49\u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u7279\u522b\u5c11\u3002

\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/sjmcefc2", "name": "sjmcefc2", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/ed45fe578f1092dcabc2eaaf904f7374?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/460137", "date_modified": "2018-06-04T22:58:13+00:00", "content_html": "

https://www.oschina.net/translate/postgresql-comparative-benchmark-between-freebsd-and-linux?p=2#comments

\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e16\u5b50\u8c8c\u4f3c\u8bf4\u7684\u6709\u70b9\u79bb\u8c31\uff0c\nfreebsd \u80fd\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f

\n", "date_published": "2018-06-04T02:17:31+00:00", "title": "freebsd \u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u5f3a\u608d\u5462\uff1f\u80fd\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/460137" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/cnbattle", "name": "cnbattle", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/d704/0b60/235125_large.png?m=1646203024" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/458385", "title": "\u7a81\u7136\u6709\u79cd\u4e2d\u4e86 freebsd \u7684\u6bd2\u7684\u611f\u89c9...", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/458385", "date_published": "2018-05-28T07:41:54+00:00", "content_html": "

\u88ab\u7f51\u4e0a\u8bf4\u7684 freebsd \u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6240\u5438\u5f15\uff0c\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\u88c5\u4e86 freebsd \u548c tureOS\uff0c\u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u76f8\u5173\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a centos \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u6362\u6210 freebsd \u7684

\n

\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898:

\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \u5982\u679c freebsd \u505a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7b97 10 \u5206\uff0ccentos \u80fd\u6253\u51e0\u5206\uff1f

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    fressbsd/tureOS \u505a\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u5982\u4f55\uff1f \u76ee\u524d\u697c\u4e3b\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8bed\u8a00\u4e3b\u8981\u662f php/golang\uff0c\u6709\u70b9\u4f9d\u8d56 jetbrains \u5168\u5bb6\u6876\uff0c\u7f51\u4e0a\u641c\u4e86\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cfreebsd \u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u884c jetbrains \u5168\u5bb6\u6876\uff1f\u6216\u8005 freebsd \u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u54ea\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f83\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684 IDE \uff1f

    \n
    3. \n
  3. \n

    \u6709\u4e24\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u5728 linux \u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u8f6c freebsd \u7684\u6210\u672c\u5927\u4e0d\u5927\uff1f

    \n
    4. \n
\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/Inspiron1111", "name": "Inspiron1111", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/37b722e8e37d291ac1d790e6b5e7ea22?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/458284", "date_modified": "2018-05-28T02:57:48+00:00", "content_html": "\u6211\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef(FreeBSD)\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 minidlna(ReadyMedia)\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0 mp4 mkv flv \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6b63\u5e38\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u4f46 webm \u548c opus \u5c31\u4e0d\u884c\u3002\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\r
Linux \u4e0a\u7684 vlc \uff1b\u5b89\u5353(LineageOS)\u4e0a\u7684 vlc \u548c DmsExplorer( https://github.com/ohmae/DmsExplorer)\u3002\r
vlc \u548c\u5b89\u5353\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u64ad\u653e\u5668\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u64ad\u653e\u672c\u5730\u7684 webm \u548c opus\u3002\r
\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u4e0d\u662f minidlna \u5f88\u4e45\u6ca1\u6709\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1f\r
\u5927\u5bb6\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u9047\u5230\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1f", "date_published": "2018-05-28T02:49:48+00:00", "title": "DLNA \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u65e0\u6cd5\u663e\u793a webm \u548c opus", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/458284" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/ucun", "name": "ucun", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/69290780aaafb00aa37ff2a61342dded?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/449483", "title": "\u9700\u8981\u817e\u8baf\u4e91 FreeBSD \u955c\u50cf\u7684\u7559\u8a00\u4e86", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/449483", "date_published": "2018-04-24T08:48:08+00:00", "content_html": "

\u56fd\u5185\u4e91\u5382\u5546\u5bf9 FreeBSD \u53cb\u597d\u6ca1\u6709

\n

\u7279\u522b\u662f\u817e\u8baf\u4e91\uff0c\u7528\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u7248\u672c\u505c\u5728 10\u30021 \u4e0d\u8bf4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f5c\u76f8\u5173\u914d\u7f6e\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u5404\u5927 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u955c\u50cf\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\u3002

\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u7c89\u4e1d\uff0c\u53ea\u597d\u81ea\u5df1\u52a8\u624b\u3002\u82b1\u4e86\u4e24\u5929\u65f6\u95f4\u5347\u7ea7\u5230 11.1 \u7136\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u53bb\u6389\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u7136\u540e\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b89\u88c5 apache24 mariadb10.2 php7.2.4 \u5e76\u505a\u597d\u4e86\u914d\u7f6e\u3002

\n

\u505a\u5b8c\u955c\u50cf\u540e\uff0c\u60f3\u5230\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u597d\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u6ca1\u90a3\u4e2a\u7cbe\u529b\u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6216\u8005\u53ea\u662f\u60f3\u5c1d\u9c9c\u53c8\u6015\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002

\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u4e2a\u955c\u50cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7559\u8a00\u4e86\u3002

\n

\"105.PNG\"

\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/liamxd", "name": "liamxd", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/ac00/0c26/28108_large.png?m=1456903276" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/338026", "title": "\u7b80\u5355\u5199\u4e86\u4e2a TCP \u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b(freebsd \u4e0a\u53ef\u7528)", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/338026", "date_published": "2017-02-04T05:54:19+00:00", "content_html": "

\u56e0\u4e3a\u524d\u51e0\u5929\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u906d\u5230\u4e86 DDOS \u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u62bd\u7a7a\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a TCP \u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8ba1\u5212\u653e\u5230\u4e1a\u52a1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u524d\u9762\uff0c\u5206\u6563\u4e1a\u52a1\u5165\u53e3\u3002

\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u529f\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u540e\u671f\u8003\u8651\u5b9a\u5236\u4e00\u4e9b\u9632\u62a4\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528 nginx \u7684 tcp proxy \u3002\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u719f\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002

\n

https://github.com/miwoow/tcpproxyforbsd

\n

\u521a\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u672c\u673a\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528 nc \u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u540e\u671f\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u4f18\u5316\u3002

\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 freebsd \u7684 kqueue \u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u5728 freebsd \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002

\n

\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f97\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u771f\u5b9e IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e00\u65e6\u548c\u540e\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u9a6c\u4e0a\u53d1\u7ed9\u540e\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e00\u4e2a 32 \u4f4d\u6574\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a 32 \u4f4d\u6574\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u771f\u5b9e IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u3002

\n

\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u540e\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u8fc7\u6765\u7684 tcp \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a 32 \u4f4d\u7684\u6574\u6570\u53d6\u5f97\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u771f\u5b9e IP \u5730\u5740\u3002

\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/linus", "name": "linus", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/gravatar/d76a42576bdfbcceb5ccba6d78e7cca9?s=73&d=retro" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/328314", "date_modified": "2016-12-17T09:51:17+00:00", "content_html": "", "date_published": "2016-12-17T09:51:10+00:00", "title": "Freebsd \u6709\u652f\u6301\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u72d7\uff08\u5382\u5bb6\uff09\u5417\uff1f", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/328314" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/zlhdd108", "name": "zlhdd108", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/09cf/e510/103479_large.png?m=1642124858" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/322798", "title": "Freebsd \u600e\u4e48\u5b89\u88c5 sata \u6269\u5c55\u5361\u7684\u9a71\u52a8", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/322798", "date_published": "2016-11-23T15:13:00+00:00", "content_html": "

\u81ea\u5df1\u627e\u4e86\u4e2a\u5c0f\u673a\u7bb1\u5f04\u4e2a\u5bb6\u7528\u7684 NAS \uff0c\u7528\u7684\u662f nas4free \uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e Freebsd \u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6709\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c0f\u673a\u5668\u7684 sata \u597d\u5c11\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f04\u4e86\u4e2a PCIE \u7684 sata \u6269\u5c55\u5361\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u63d2\u4e0a\u53bb\u540e\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u8bc6\u522b\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u5361\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u8fd8\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5927\u795e\u80fd\u5e2e\u5fd9\u79d1\u666e\u4e00\u4e0b

\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/zlhdd108", "name": "zlhdd108", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/09cf/e510/103479_large.png?m=1642124858" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/320041", "title": "nas4free \u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u5916\u7f51\u8bbf\u95ee\u8df3\u8f6c 403", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/320041", "date_published": "2016-11-12T08:48:47+00:00", "content_html": "

\u95ee\u9898\u73b0\u8c61\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5237\u597d openwrt \u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e86\u82b1\u751f\u58f3\u7684 ddns \uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u8f6c\u53d1\u7aef\u53e3\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u57df\u540d:\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u8def\u7531\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u8def\u7531\u7684 ftp \uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u540e\u6765\u81ea\u5df1\u5f04\u4e86\u4e2a NAS \uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6309\u7167\u540c\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u8fd9\u53f0 NAS \uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u76f4\u63a5\u5c31\u63d0\u793a 403 \u4e86\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u53f0 NAS \u7684 ftp \u4e5f\u662f\u63d0\u793a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u662f openwrt \u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f nas \u672c\u8eab\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c nas \u7528\u7684\u662f nas4free

\n" }, { "author": { "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/member/henryshen233", "name": "henryshen233", "avatar": "https://cdn.v2ex.com/avatar/dec7/217a/171367_large.png?m=1745579340" }, "url": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/308355", "date_modified": "2016-09-23T01:56:35+00:00", "content_html": "

\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u5728\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u4e0a\u6211\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f Debian 64 \u4f4d\uff0c\u5c31\u5728 ngrok \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u91cc\u8f93\u5165 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 make release-server \u751f\u6210\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\uff0c\u5728\u8f93\u5165 GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm make release-client \u751f\u6210\u6811\u8393\u6d3e\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u662f FreeNAS \u673a\u5668\uff0c\u8bf7\u95ee GOOS=\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u4ec0\u4e48\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8bf7\u6559

\n", "date_published": "2016-09-23T01:56:07+00:00", "title": "\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead FreeNAS \u4e0a\u7528 ngrok \u901a\u8fc7\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u751f\u6210\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48", "id": "https://www.v2ex.com/t/308355" } ] }